Micro Finance

November 26, 2016

NAIJA ENTERTAINMENT: CELEBRITIES AS HUSTLERS- Part 3

Sasha,the Queen Of Hiphop Has Also Unveiled Her Fashion Outfit Ecclectic By Sasha Whereas Eldee Don,Another Veteran Musician Dabbled Into Technology And Runs Playdata Broadcast Service .Ruggedman Like Maheeda,a Prostitute Musician Also Owns A Fashion Label September 20th Clothing. Bisi Ibidapo'Omo Lo Gba Lo Gba' Owns Lingerie And Sextoys Shop In Magodo. Gbemisoke Shoes Is The Latest Creation Of Olateru Olagbegi,A Media Personality And Liz Anjorin,another Garulous Actress Who Claimed To Be A Virgin And Was Reported Broke,debunked The Claim That Her Fashion Label Was Worth 80million Naira.Genevieve Nnaji,the Most Popular Actress In Africa,Has Her Own Fashion,St. Genevieve.Not Left Behind Is P.Square,the Richest Twin Musicians In Africa,are Very Much Invested In Real Estate,Food And Beverage Business.Don Jazzy And K Cee Are Very Much Into Oil And Gas. Finally, Emmanuel Emenike And Mikel Obi Are Wisely Invested In Their New Labels E-29 & MMM.

NAIJA ENTERTAINMENT: CELEBRITIES AS HUSTLERS- Part-2

D' Banj Owns Koko Gari,Koko Water And A Host Of Others,While Yemi Alade,Not Satisfied With Fame As A Leading Female West African Musician,Ventured Into Fashion Business,to Earn Extra Income And She Founded Jewelry Line Yemi Alade Collections. Even Before He Ventured Into Music,Sexy Steel Had Become A Fashion Model,Running His Fashion Outfit, Needle And Stitches. Tubaba Is A Popular Nigerian Musician And The Most Influential Among Young Generation Of Music Lovers-the Hiphop Generation.This Child Of Destiny,with Knack For Business,owns A Couple Of Choice Properties All Over Lagos And Also Owns Popular Club Rumours Located In Ikeja And Festac Town. Immaculate Made Her Mark From MTN Project Fame Foundation But Today,started Another Chapter In HerLife With The Incorporation Of Diesel Business And Introduced It To Her Fans Via Instagram. Odunlade Adekola Owns A Unisex Barbing Salon,Located In Abeokuta And NaijaNinjas Is A Fashion Outfit Owned By Sound Sultan ,A Veteran Local Musician.

NAIJA ENTERTAINMENT : CELEBRITIES AS HUSTLERS- Part 1

Nigerian Celebrities Are Becoming Hustlers Like Every Tom,Dick And Harry Are Fast Developing Alternative Source Of Income,consolidating On Their Famous Carreer,As They Grapple With The Economic Challenges Of Survival In Their Country. Their List Is Tiring,Beginning From Mercy Aigbe,A Benin Lady And Popular Actress Has Dabbled Into Fashion Business.She Owns A Boutique Magdivas Located In Omole Estate.Chika Ike Is Another Actress,Who Owns A Fancy Nancy Boutique In Abuja,While Anne Idibia, An Actress And The Wife Of Superstar Musician,Tubaba,Was Reported According To Naij.Com Owning A Salon Located In Atlanta,Georgia.She Also Runs Be Olive Hair Collections,Where She Sells Human Hair. Empress Njamah Sits On Top Of House Of Njamah,Abuja Based Boutique.The Popular Nigerian Footballer,Kanu Nwankwo Was Also Reported To Own A Water Bottling Company,Kanu Water And Besides Video Editing Studio Located In Ikeja,Kanu Also Owns The Popular Hardley Apartments located in victoria island.

November 23, 2016

THE LIFE AND PROFILES: BIOGRAPHY OF TIWA SAVAGE: Part 6

In The Diaspora.Awards And Endorsements.As A Nigerian Musician ,her List Of Endorsements , Awards And Nominations , Is Quite Intimidating For A Female In The Male Dominated Industry.It Includes One M.T.V. Africa Music Awards ; Two Headies Award ; One Channel O Music Video Award; One Nigerian Music Video Award; Two City People Entertainment Awards. She Did Fundraising For Local Schools ' Construction And She Was Fortunate To Sign A Multimillion Dollar Endorsement Deal Including Deals With Forte Oil And Maggi.Bravo Savage.

THE LIFE AND PROFILE: BIOGRAPHY OF TIWA SAVAGE.Part 5

She Started Recording Her Debut Studio Album In 2010 And While Attending The Music Shool,She Was Able To Network With Her Fellow Alumnis,the Likes Of Keith Harris,Scott Coleman,Damien Dorsey,Radar Ellis And Derek Pate.According To Wikipedia,In An Interview With Brenda Pike,She Confirmed Her Collaboration With Producers,Chuck Harmony,Waren' Oak' Felder And Sossick And Expressed Her Intention To Release Her Debut Album In Her Native Tongue.In Celebration Of Nigerian 52nd Anniversary,She Did A Rendition Of National Anthem " Arise O Compatriot"For The Ndani Session.She Was Featured In 2012 Flavour N'Abania's Oye Remix And Prior To The Collabo Did Her Own Version Of The Song.By Nov. 2012,She Did A Collabo With Praiz,Waje,Pamela Egoh,Timi Dakolo On Red Carol Theme Song.She Did Album Listening Party In May,2013,In Ikoyi At Wheat Baker Hotel .Her First Album Was Released First On ITunes Before The Manual Release In The Country And Includes Political Song Like'Middle Passage'a Song About The Struggles Of African Men

THE LIFE AND PROFILES: BIOGRAPHY OF TIWA SAVAGE-Part 4

'Catch Me'a Soul Tinged Balad By Monica Gave Her A Lot Of Credits For Her Beautiful Contribution Similar To Fantasia Barino's Album. She Wrote " Oh Yeah " By Jacko Featuring Snoop Dogg,including Kat Deluna's Push Push Featuring Akon And David Guetta . She Has Also Featured On Whitney Houston 's Album" I Look To You " In 2009 And Was The First African Female Singer To Be Associated With Pepsi Brand ,after Signing An Endorsement Deal In Dec.2011.She Co-hosted The Second Season Of Nigerian Idol With IllRymz And She Also Became An Actress For The First Time, In The Stage Adaptation For Coloured Girls , By Featuring Alongside Joke Silva And Ireti Doyle.Against All Discouragements And Rumour Of Her Incapability To Succeed As Female Musician In The Country And Against All Odds,she Finally Released Kelekele Love And It Made It To The Top Of Nigerian Music Charts .She Started A Record Label - 323 Entertainment With Her Former Manager .To Be Honest,being Africa's Leading Female Musician To Me , Is No Mean Feat.

THE LIFE AND PROFILES: BIOGRAPHY OF TIWA SAVAGE- Part 3

She Studied Business Administration At Kent University And After Graduation Started Work At The Royal Bank Of Scotland.She Later Ventured Into Music,though At Age 16 Had Been Involved In Backup Vocal With George Clooney And Also Did Back Up Vocals With The Likes Of Mary J. Blige,Chaka Khan,Emma Bunton,Kelly Clarkson,Bocelli Andrea,Blu Cantrell,Ms. Dynamite And A Host Of Others. She Has Performed Also On Stage With The Likes Of Robbie Williams,50 Cent,Eminem,Black Eyed Peas,Destiny Child And The Rest Of Them.She Graduated From Berklee College At The Age Of 27 And At The U.K. X. Factor Music Competition,She Made It To The Final 24 Which Was Painful To Her Fans,Unable To See Her In The Final 12 And She Commented;' Because You Dont Want To Let Everything Out........',Meaning She Reserved Her Best For Career Stardom,Rather Than Braggart In A Fickle Competion.When She Was Signed To Sony,That Deal Tied Her To A Contract To Also Write For Babyface,Monica,Fantasia Barino And Kat Deluna.'Her Consistency Is A Blessing.

THE LIFE AND PROFILES: BIOGRAPHY OF TIWA SAVAGE- Part 3

THE LIFE AND PROFILES: BIOGRAPHY OF TIWA SAVAGE-Part 2

She Has Made Some Impact In The International Music Scene.The Fantansia Barino's Grammy Award Nominated Album" Back To Me " Was Co-written By Tiwa Savage Especially Its Track " Collard Greens & Corn Bread "That Brought The Album To Limelight.She Also Featured On Solar Plexus, A Compilation Albums Of Mavin Records And Her Debut Studio Album Was Released On July 3, 2013 Entitled 'Once Upon A Time' And Was Supported By Singles Like 'Kelekele Love' 'Love Me, Love Me' ' Without My Heart' ' Ife Wa Gbona ' ' Folarin' ' Olorunmi' And ' Eminado' .On Dec. 19,2015 ,Her Second Album Entitled " R. E. D"And Includes Singles Such As' African Waist', ' If I Start To Talk' Among Others And She Sings Both In English And Her Native Tongue . Early Background.Tiwa Savage Was Born In Ikeja,The Capital Of Lagos State,And At The Age Of 11 , With Her Family,Relocated To London. She Was Once A Trombone Player For Her School's Ochestra Band At The College.She Grew Up,exploring Multicultural Setting Abroad

Tiwatope Savage,Nigerian Leading Female Singer Was Born On The 5th Of February,1980,And Hails From Isale Eko,Lagos Island,Lagos State. Tiwa Savage,A Dancer,songwriter , Actress And performer Attended The University Of Kent,Berklee College Of Music And Was Formerly Married To Her Long Time Manager Husband Tunji Balogun A.K.A. Teebillz In 2013 And Blessed with a child.Her Genre Of Music Basically Includes Afropop,R& B And Soul And She's Been Active On The Music Scene Since 2010 And Was Formerly Signed To Mavin Records And Later Sony / A.T.V. Publishing Company And Roc Nation.In 2012, She Was Signed To Mavin Records And By June 2016,Signed A Management And Publishing Deal With Roc Nation Which She Also Confirmed Via Instagram.This Landmark Event In Her Swashbuckling Carreer Happened Shortly After Her Messy Divorce And Otedolas Came To Her Aid To End The Bitter Tales Of Teebillz Indebtedness And Controversies Surrounding Erstwhile Couple.Her Complaint About Her Manager 's Debt Stirred This Record Signing .

November 22, 2016

NEOMARXISMNEOMARXISM ; ALTERING THE FUNDAMENTAL FACT IN HUMAN HISTORY

This microfinance article is another excerpt from my upcoming book Afrocentrism World Development Ideology And The Age of Microfinance.Enjoy the reading.

In the rise and fall of great history the nature of human society is extremely complex from
the ancient until now . The diversity of this nature and its severity so fiery down the
millennia often confound the pragmatic consensus and rational bearing and quintessence
fortitude of human arts at every twist and turn of social project and social venture
respectively; and has in the same vein particularly owing to widespread unmanageability
and innovative shortfall snowballed diversity into adversity and adversity in turn into mass
inequality. Spreading its tentacles with unrepentant cobwebs maneuvering the depravity in
the socioeconomic system signifies the extent of the dilating dampener strangulating the
intricate cause of societal justice and ostracize and truncate the priceless outrange of metadevelopment
leverage that a nation or a society require in the path towards its development
golden age and the nirvana –that Marx one of the most detested men in western history
never failed to vaguely regard as communism –being the final destiny of mankind.
However the development of every existing epoch in the rise and fall of great history and
great powers rests squarely on the prevailing zeutergeist of that era. No society can rise
above the artillery of human thinking at a given period .In a sensitive jurisdiction the
predisposition of this psycho—artillery ballistics maneuvering and driving the
socioeconomic system tends to subjugate forces of nature liberate human spirit
democratize consumption of arts optimize freedom of thoughts and substitutes adversity
for prosperity ; even though the universalisation of this progress and process of social
enterprise leaves much to be desired .The presentation of this diversity unresolved by
poor grey matter which defied and defiled all logics sciences and theories under

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developing in the process requisite sustainable capacity building for the growth of
development commerce and maturity of this commerce is the greatest challenge in mortal
history. This built impetus into civilization unsustainability .As human epoch is brazenly
and callously maneuvered in the rise and fall climate cycle by depraved capitalist
cannibals in this temperate zone of no remorse inequality energetically soared into
stratosphere militarizing against universal security and welfare of man which is expected
to gravitate further into maturity in the long run the projected doom days entrenched in the
dangers of overpopulation
There is no doubt that human societies were stratified into classes from the time
immemorial .The anatomy of social life in this regard communicates status inequality and
the gross inequalities of wealth—a prominent feature in the capitalist societies. The last
hope of the common man and the proletariat formerly was Marxism ; unfortunately with
the unpremeditated changing topography of times it quickly faded into dungeon of
insignificance and did die a natural death even with no remorse from its advocates and
even though is still relevant than western neoliberalism . Certain factors accounted for this
unceremonious exit mainly ; the poly-myopism of its modelers engraved in the
misrepresentation of the posterity in addition to pragmatic infeasibility modeling blunder
and strategic disability approach deployed at result orientation and pelucidly due to man’s
economy ever changing sphere of reasoning and above all the animalist propensity of man
to constantly abuse the great charters of liberty [ GCL].

THE RISE OF NEOMARXIST AGE
In the immediate post 1960s—70s humanity had started a new dawn and a new chapter in
human history was opened covertly and overtly unknown to many with the rise of
neomarxist era through the instrumentality of microfinance .Today it remained the most
reliable voice against the deftness of neoliberal global empire heavily outfoxing
outstripped and out witted even neoconfucianism in its den into distant obscurity. Its
potential outrange and development envisaged pedigree at this virgin stage alone exceeded

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the most [pseudo] authentic econometric model ever contrived in mortal history.
Pathetically it has the least ovation owing to lack of understanding and ineffective
technology as the latest rave in the neomarxist age which contrary to its critics potentially
resolves the entire gamut of mass poverty and universal human misery.
Microfinance is the most potent tool in this regard and a central calibration opening up the
roadmap towards the development golden age as man and societies move away from the
challenges of mass development arbitraging and holocausting that humanity is made to
grapple with peculiar bias unleashing gross development inadequacy in the long run . As
the economy of the poor the practice of microfinance is the capitalization of informal
sector untapped-macro economy , the scientific framework for mass development practice
–and the very launching pad in the long run towards economic classless society that
depressed humanity and depraved capitalist cannibals never expected nor desire .It
preaches economic climate change and the harbinger of neomarxist free market in the path
to the nirvana and complete economic freedom that Marx failed to see altering the fiery
fundamental fact in human history .It is the most comprehensive economic model ever
contrived by man living or dead equipped with man’s unusual defense against mass
poverty. It can also resolves potentially the challenges of climate change easily because as
the poor grow their economy they better take care of their environment . This falls under
environmental microfinance .
The definitive appeals and expository analysis deployed here is unusual and a far cry from
conventional microfinance models and practice worldwide .No one can indemnify the
losses caused the poor in terms of social welfare equitable development and living standard
than this most highly untapped and the most maligned institution of development history.
Truly speaking it is the insurance of social equity and through poor technology could also
be abettor to social inequity .The indebtedness of erstwhile feudal age had not gone
unnoticed callously accumulated until now leaving no room for redress struck with lame
duck fairness and lamented fairness under duress. Nor the injustice of merchant class

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accumulated since the beginning of the industrial era abated either .Compounded with
insensititive development models drove dire consequences precipitating social inequity
and increasing incidence of global poverty as population increases uncontrollably
.Fortunately microfinance as a broad based socialist model resolved this challenge in the
great fight against poverty .
Inequality swept away the old feudal age as it lived behind times .With the same wrath of
nature the merchants and the industrialists that assumed saddle upon the demise of the old
era would soon become irrelevant and set to be driven away by the standard –inequality of
the present age and to a larger extent by overpopulation perhaps in the unforeseeable future
.Likewise the assumption of power by the proletariat and the working class if given powers
again citing V.Lenin sovereign declaration and instances of ‘ Power to the Soviets ‘
would only impoverish further the polity of power due to possible repetition of the abuse
of power market system dragging back revolution towards the golden age envisaged time
framework .The soviet credible history is a long process to learn from . This remains the
fundamental historical fact .Forget about revolt entrenchment of dictatorship and the use
of force as classes attempt to control the ownership means of production can conciliatorily
evolve with the development separatists .This is translated as economic power being
persistently sought for and fought for in the rise and fall of great history and a major reason
behind unequal cultural division into classes .In other words Marxist class struggle is
determined by power struggle .Once economic power is secured all other powers by status
and category are easily obtainable .This explains why human arts persistently strives to
control its lever .
NEOMARXISM AND POWER TRIANGLE ; THE FUNDAMENTAL IDEOLOGY OF
NEW AGE
One submits that the fundamental fact behind aggression in recorded history is often the
search for power mainly economic power .This power motivates every humanity opening

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up the mysterious chains of power triangle that persistently nurtures and intoxicates the rise
and fall of human history and human civilizations from the ancient until now .
The nature of power the composition of power the regimentation of power the sovereignty
of power the imperialism of power and true power absolutely is power triangle oriented
.The orientation and predisposition of human culture is predetermined by the trickery of
power triangle domains .It is the sole life force behind the rise and fall of great culture .In a
layman point of view Where culture is fallen the power triangle is risen and vice versa and
where great powers or great history is fallen power triangle is risen .;for its efficiency rests
largely on the level of modesty with which it operates the utilitarian culture
In the much same way in which class struggle is the central thesis of Marxism power
triangle is also the ultimate thesis in the neomarxist age .While Marxism covers in most
cases only or reproduces the social psychology of the transition period from the
preindustrial into industrial society ,neomarxism is a bit broader .No wonder it found little
response in the 19th century Britain and to a great deal in Russia .As an intellectual reaction
against the depression the United States had also experienced Marxism and so also by
Latin America as they increasingly grew integrated into global economy . And every
society according to a philosopher has its Marxist period when the ideology is sensitive to
its problem . This could no longer true with the growing inequality in our world today and
rampant economic crisis even in the advanced territories as they enter post industrial age
.Since class struggle is the salt of Marxism its most revolutionary part ; to abate potential
revolutionary costly imbroglio associated with the swoon and scion of inequality
neomarxism was propounded with relevance that extended from the ancient –the
preliterate the preindustrial and the industrial and the postindustrial and neoindustrial
societies[yet to come ] , opening up the great transition and dissect in a simpler framework
what is needed for a peaceful coexistence and ensuring universal prosperity and its most
incendiary thesis is the power triangle . Then what is power triangle ?.

THE GLOBAL EVIDENCE AND THE EMPIRE OF POWER TRIANGLE

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To be precise , Power triangle is the institution of power and power market and the pure economics
behind power market system, the abettor of competitive struggle, the
mechanism that underpins pristine class struggle and a commonwealth for measuring the
strategic impact on cultural development and universal coexistence .The composition of
social enterprise and social aggregate is a function of power market struggle .The swings
in this community of development is a reflection of similar swings in the triangle
optimized potentially in the observation of GCL .The revolution of P.T. components
naturally influences Marxist class struggle .The rise of structural imbalances and
disharmony ordinarily composes cultural recession and depression and cultural dark ages –
which is the fall of great powers and great history respectively .The imbalances and
inequality in the power market is the architect of social inequality that launches class
struggle as man determines to liberate his human spirit from the pawn of an existing
moribund nature of a social system that catapults social life which abets social debt .THIS
mysterious chains often begins by the rise of economic power .POWER triangle is
composed of political power ; economic power and social power . When they react a
struggle is born or reborn and the mobilization of this triple system formalizes a
socioeconomic system .From the preliterate history down to prehistoric peoples to the
modern times we have observed is the sole life force behind human existence and a
universal libido in the commerce of culture and development and the sole motivator of
class struggle .
Sharing his views in 1926 Adolph Hitler in a subtitle of his revolutionary ideas once noted
; ‘only force rules ‘ . He concluded that ‘the fundamental motif through all the centuries
has been the principle that force and power are determining factors .All development is
struggle . Only force rules . Force is the first law . A struggle has already taken place
between original man and this primeval world. Only through struggle have states and the
world become great .’

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ECONOMICS OF COMPETITIVE STRUGGLE IN THE POWER
COMMUNITY

It can be contended that economic struggle motivates and promotes political struggle using
the enterprise of information democracy to mobilize active brain power into technological
power .Greed for power unarguably is the orientation and the sole objective of political
struggle and economic power at redemption catalyses political power into reckoning
.Established political power also tends to nurture economic power complex strictly
endorsed to consolidate statehood attempt at nation building and capacity building .Their
strategic interests always comply and sometimes or in most cases as noted in the
developing history usually impugns the dignity and integrity of social interest and where
there is insubordination a resistance occurs swelling social instability .Resistance is bound
to occur due to different objectives –especially the motive for economic gain using
competition by the economic power while aggression and reputation constitute the
primary and the secondary objectives of the latter .
This instability later creeps on their doorsteps worsening or degenerating into economic
and later political instability . This IS regarded as community power tussle [CPT] and a
competitive struggle that measures the orientation of the social mass and universal mental
net worth of that society .A healthy society or a sick baby can then be differentiated .
Cultural evolution of this Struggle though should be meaningful collectively advances into
aggregate of social struggle .There is no affordable alternative to social life .Humanity
must learn how to manage its judicious use.
As a primordial strength of utilitarian culture swinging from age to age ; it catapults the
rise and fall of human history and global civilization respectively .Since a reaction poses

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element of struggle which the entire Darwinist school preaches resistance between this
struggle works at polar opposite to promote manicheanism [as noted by Zoroaster] or
dualism by its unregulated nature to abets crime nurtures crisis and possibly wars .This
struggle is the reaper and binder of universal fate of mankind .The wise use of political
power can never be possible and at best potentially distracts social political and
economical stability nor can it resolve every human crisis let alone demonstrates a face
saving palliative .Unless humanity learns how to wisely manages economic power [which
is the antidote]crisis and world wars ordinarily would have no end .For instance the
collective security –those by a broad international consensus was introduced during the 1st
world war and the formation of the League Of Nations exploited the warped potentials in
the Treaty of Versailles could not prevent the coming of another brutal aggression and
yet a more damaging war followed by the late 30s
The consequence was the unpalatable use of aggressive instincts exploiting the savage
beast in man , to whom consideration towards his fellow men looks alien . If we recall the
antecedential savagery and the depraved animalist in man such as the racial aggressions
,the invasion of the Huns by people known as Mongols , during the days of Genghis Khan
and Tamer lane. What about the capture of Jerusalem by horrible crusaders or any of the
ancient wars earlier noted or wars and global crisis since the failure of international peace
conference at Hague in 1907 down to the fall of 1945 and the flagging off of the cold
war by Truman Doctrine until the exit of 90s ,the fall of Berlin Wall and the
disintegration of soviet union .Only a sensible mind would bow humbly to the truth of
this view .
The art of political power by nature of righteousness is inhuman and at best is a rebuff of
social harmony. It destabilizes and disintegrates social power status at will-with a femine
build which usually suffers the damages of the tussle and widens gulf between them in
the power triangle community .The inherent resistance in this gulf authors global crisis
and wars a washed in human antecedence . There is no better method to animate harmony

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than to exploit the beauty of this art in the schematic rendition of economic power .The
threat to human and universal welfare is a recoil and spillover effect of the structural
imbalances and resistance noted in the power community .This climate renounces social
stability peace and universal welfare and mass poverty was transferred from generation to
generation. To reconstitute social harmony and spread universal prosperity not capitalist
prosperity adhering to social equality crusade the religion of power triangle [neomarxism

21st

] is a proven antidote .It is more appropriate to century generation which is
confronted by the stigma of ever escalating social inequality and the burden of
overpopulation which challenges the welfare of humanity.
Under common power social men are consistently kept and guided under awe ,for the
purpose of security and the protection of their common property . This common power is
formed by universal goodwill of this community shares the trinity image and operates also
in that same community that governs the nature of existence . The liberty of the tussle to
prowl at will unsettles common power that ordinarily indirectly composes the bitter
struggle .This dented the trinity image appeal of unresponsive governance and contrary to
Thomas Hobbes the life of man even right there inside the society is ‘solitary poor nasty
brutish and short ‘.’No account of arts ,no letters ,no account of time, no society and no
knowledge of the face of the earth and worst of all continual fear and danger of violent
death’ .In this condition of ‘war of every man against man nothing can be unjust ‘[Thomas
Hobbes—sees government as a Leviathan –1651 ]

THE CULTURAL RIGHTS OF MAN AND POWER TRIANGLE
EQUATION
The formation of human society is wrought by the art of nature midwived by cultural
rights of man . The miscegenation and the utilitarian insemination of power triangle
cultivated in the ecosystem of change produced these rights .Its growth and germination
can be exploited not by aggression or heavily tilting under duress power triangle harmony

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but by careful evolution of economic power .The use and practice of these rights fuel the
activity of struggle and the exploration of power market system . Unfortunately along the
line greed for power occurs and supplanted power tussle through the acrimony of power
struggle. It should be noted again that the objective of political power is aggression for
glory abusing its rights that nature bestowed to be peacefully exploited and the purpose of
economic power is rigid which is survival with orientation to consolidate on the gains of
competitive self interest .
The former hardly promotes it except if it were its lackey to promote its glory and
economic power if it does it is in the sense to promote and multiply the image and appeal
of aggression. Whereas the estate of economic power motivates and influences political
power nurtures and abets its dynasty with a view to help further enhance its image
.Unfortunately the corruption of the image stems from the inordinate use of political
power overheating the community to heartlessly trade aggression instead of free mutual
and social gain .And where the need is impossible to attain due to lackey bias and
ineffectiveness of intoxicated economic power political power resorts to sustainable
aggression .Such greed for expansion and repression of fundamental human right is not in
any way economic by the nature of its use and practice .; infact for the political power if at
all to be effective economic power has to floats on top in the power market and control its
excesses by the practice and franchise of censure. This can be possible once errand boy
status mentality is heavily opposed . This happens according to wiles of nature .The fissure
is broad in the hapless region
An average humanity has three major rights to coexist .and the exploitation of these rights
unknown to many is regarded as fundamental human right .From social to economic and
political grows into formation of cultural rights .It is a universal right thing and a cultural
trinity when properly regulated catalyses universal welfare. The preservation of this trinity
was torn apart and struck under duress as human society grew from the primitive state –
jungle age into into polished or civilized state .To observe the great charters of liberty and

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build equitable power market that would architect equitable and sustainable social life
effective use of cultural trinity provides the sole building block .All over the world the
nature of power triangle is a deterrent and a defeatist to the exploration of these rights
sustaining the in equation web in the power market .

THE PRACTICE OF CULTURAL TRINITY AND THE GROWTH OF HUMAN
CIVILISATION

Cultural trinity was the first heritage that nature bequeathed to man with the propagation
of universal life the rise of human Confucian ethics and the exploitation of the natural
freedom. It is true that the collective nature of these rights albeit power tussled authors
human slavery jungle age and human civilization depending on the nature of social
climate in which it operates .

With these items granted by the franchise of nature purposely to explore a large
expanse of equitable fields provided by natural freedom man begins to use the activity of
struggle to build power market once it is decided to break loose from the perfect freedom
that nature granted .And he opted for cultural freedom instead which has carried nature
and mother nature respectively thus far .The strategic management tools of this geocentric
choice include the trinity with which to till the soil of human bias and to attain and harness
cultural freedom desired --the economics of these rights maneuvered in the use and
practice of struggle potentially mandated and oriented to observe GCL is a natural
requirement for building the institution of power vital to influence civilization and capital
development .
IT is also true that promotion of the enterprise of struggle began by implementing and
enforcement of cultural law of struggle through the adoption and practice of the trinity .The
mobilization of this enterprise is equal to activity as the totality revolution and evolution of
of culture—the field of nature .Upon this the trinity is transplanted and planted respectively
to explore its infinite potential minefields .The development absorption rate of culture is a
function of the growth and quality of entrepreneurial expertise deployed by

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practitioners[life artists] to the use and economic exploitation of these rights ; the
aggregate of which modern civilization usually regarded as civilization
.……………………………….
.Politics drives the center circle of human instincts and dispenses the commerce of human
reason and its nature is economic ,at saturation level or wherever it fails man resorts to
aggression or pacifism for the jungle man who has no weapon to defend himself .A
combination of pacifist ,imperial and admixture of these items oriented this climate from
the jungle to the civilized age maneuvering the dispensation of this right to existence .It is
necessary to go down the lane in to recorded antiquity to see how the trinity evolved into
economics of struggle and P.T. optimized and equitably compliant as the central
institution to comply with the great charters of liberty while observing and visualizing as a
practicing artist in the power market .
From the story of a cave man according to narratives by a publisher who spent all day
drenched in the rain endlessly trying to catch a fish to feed his hungry family .No matter
how he tried even though he nearly caught one or came closer only to slip away . And
beaten blue by hunger the light rain turned into heavy rain and was forced to exit labour
and hid away in a nearby cave .The story sounds scintillating .Entering the cave having
been accustomed to the darkness he noted a series of painting mounted on a wall .The first
painting reflected a deer and another depicted a godlike figure and the third was amazing
which saved his life .It was a simple drawing of a man holding the stick and at the other
end of a stick a fish was dangled . By this little drawing a cave jungle man family was
saved from hunger and survived the day ‘s starving .Within an hour implemented the idea
and returned to his family carrying five fishes . That is unbelievable . Indeed it is the
power of idea .
This indicates the metaphysical and material nature of idea which can be felt seen and
touched .In a scientific point of view idea grows into an ideology for every studious mind
.Usually idea promotes tradition and tradition in turn promotes technology and eventually

45

this promotes an economy perpetually tradable in the evolution and revolution of utilitarian
culture . From the story of the cave man we noted that the use of these rights and the
consumption and development is struggle The practice of trinity promotes and is a
reflection of the economics of struggle and a moving earth . As he struggled to survive
economic power using technology brewed from active brain power saved the day . Any
liability and inability to procure these rights automatically leads to aggression. The
modern man is often the preacher of this folly .
IT is clear that uncontrollable natural circumstances usually ignite man to abuse the use of
political power .The abuse factor occur due to inability to generate new dimension of
innovation to meet ever increasing social projects or enviously converts the previous
outputs of innovative superiority into aggression so as to dominate in a every competitive
struggle. The fear of loosing relevance generally inform this. Above all the uncontrollable
ego of man is largely responsible . The caveman probably had no man to fight besides
himself –a costly waste of time .Arbitrary use of economic power which is political by
outlook is clearly unjustified as he is only motivated to conquer the forces of nature
militating against his survival .
What survives economic power is idea like its community peers .Intangible property like
technology or science .The caveman like his generation was a good thinker highly rational
in the use of instincts and trading of mechanistic logics to reason and has no companion
besides the ability think . From this study power use generally and most importantly
economic power is driven and built on three factors ; Necessity , Liability and Technology
and the gap between these factors swells social debt .These factors often create a timely
leverage for the mobilization of cultural trinity into effective practice .Nature uses the first
factors to fiercely demand for development which when consumed gives birth or rebirth to
economic power through exploration of these rights which in real sense is also the
consumption of technology to cover human needs and prevailing liability .

46

As economic power challenges increase driving the need to survive human arts might
grow lazy .And resort to alternative means with the least resistance rather than the usual
longstanding and painstaking method of endless flurry of innovation which by
sustainability can perpetually raise the level of living of standard of erstwhile caveman
like attitude and modern man alike .Sometimes inability to effectively use and mobilize art
system leads to abuse of economic power image .The top echelon of competitive struggle
is dominated by superior economically powerful individuals and advanced nations.
Political imperialism is generally oriented on the altar of greed for unusual economic gain .
This climate ordinarily exerts pressure on the power market threatening the gregarious
nature and the living equity of mankind..
The caveman had no one to rival unlike the modern man. Going by modern old soviet
empiricism and the formation of Marxist class struggle was wrought by the demand for
economic relevance using political power dynasty basically to deceive the people
truncating the communist projected ideals in the long run .Inability to secure the economic
gain .Unlike the caveman in his jungle the birth or rebirth of competitive struggle which
promotes aggression and consequentially nurtures disharmony between powers. The
inequity can be regarded as unfavorable balance of fate . Human attempt to resolve the dire
effect of this struggle led to the birth of competitive justice probably the greatest injustice
ever wrought and proposed to justice image of humanity persistently forgetting the ordeal
that this fate posed against human welfare . This clandestine guillotine revolution gave
birth to the doctrine of ideological struggle spurred by power struggle to promote Marxist
class struggle in the long run .

It cannot be disputed that the practice of trinity underpinned by development ideology
goes before the practice of struggle which promotes activity –the sum total of culture. And
from this canon follows closely and even preceding it is the observation of GCL ..In other
words the practice of this rights promotes enterprise of struggle and thus leads to

47

exploitation of power market and power market in turn leads to Marxist class struggle as a
prelude to observe the GCL framework in the development economy…………

` HOW COMPETITIVE STRUGGLE EVOLVED AND COMPETITIVE JUSTICE
PROMOTED
In the society of man , only three major classes exist mainly those who control political
power , politicians and the autocrats ; those who control economic power , the capitalists or
the bourgeoisies ; and then those that control social power mainly traditionalist socialists
[TSTcommnity ] that include philanthropists or those that empathically apply the golden
rule and their eclectics that floats across the triple classes . They form social oligarch or the
separatists leaguer .They can also be regarded as class power triangle[CAPOT]-CAPOTISTS.
The least and the rest of the people and the underprivileged masses
constitute what is regarded as the utopian class . Truly speaking this class going by the
tag’ utopian ‘ never really exist .. They [CAPOT CLASS ] control power equation and the
rest of the people –social mass – popularly known as the civil society clinically brandish
utopian right --.not fundamental human right. Despite being in the majority actually do not
exist .This terrain is particularly worrying in the developing history . What a weird world !
The mentality of Subjective followership captivity dominate this class rather than the other
side of the divide that can launch revolution and demand for development possibly
transforming their adversity into fortune by maneuvering this fate that poor use of arts
bequeathed to human society .As they compete for control in the power market the birth of
competitive struggle or power tussling subconsciously and deliberately shortchanged the
intricate course of societal justice. Rather than the true justice finding its natural cause they
competed against it to preserve the statusquo already dominated by them .

The most clement group being the TST community under intoxicated economic power are
easily mowed into depraved yard .Out of this group a philosophical society arose –the
scientific socialists and a country adopted it intended to liberate the utopian social mass

48

and 70 years later were also intoxicated by political power inordinate influence and
imperial dynasty and died a natural death. Hence contributing to the vicious ‘rise and fall
climate’ cycle syndrome of history . With more historical data to spread this shortfall
encouraged the review rethinking refinery and remodeling of Marxism by imbibing some
relevant ideals of Utopian socialism which can conciliatory evolved or should it be
impugned might be the great nemesis of mankind even more than it envisaged and well
captured by neomarxism irrespective of conciliatory conjugation relative to the reality of
world affairs .MARXISM offers no relief to the transient and soulless human society in
which the worship of science has repudiated the essence of the proletariat .That by
throwing off the chains of capitalists and capitalism they have a world to win .
.Will they observe carefully to understand the difference ? .Even if they do for the fact that
socialism recommends work for everybody but defeats the argument that equal pay is
allowed or that workers welfare will improve .Under Marxist socialism the technological
productivity pledges increase in the inequality of wages and no insurance against mass
poverty . Whereas history had not shown this to be untrue especially in the fall of late 80s
to witness the nemesis of the great inequality .This factor appears to be the most
insurmountable factor in history .By diagnosing the origin of inequality necessary solution
can bring a lasting relief though innovative ability differs and can be manageable in its
diversity once social debt is paid for the benefit of mankind .Again we observe ; How can
gross inequality be avoided ? The answer is simple ; by paying this debt its undertaker is
well assured of golden priviledge in history . Without intellectual liberty bequeathed to the
utopian class it became practically impossible to attain in the Marxist world of Marx and
Engel and dented by ideological epidemics and prostituted world of Stalinism .
Neomarxism is the last saving grace of mankind prior to the dire outcome of the great
nemesis.
Today social capital of respective countries is increasingly frustrated ;in place of social
justice the world have competitive justice whose equity is mortgaged for self interest of the

49

development separatists to the detriment of the utopian class and in place of meaningful
social struggle competitive struggle never cease to soar.Neomarxism potentially by using
its auto run diagnosis can open up and resolve the puzzle towards the attainment of balance
of power vital for world total freedom .

BRIDGING THE MASS DIVIDE : ABRAHAM EQUALITARIAN CURVE
The present nature of power triangle community we have admitted inhibits global
development and promotes gross inequality of wealth which needs auto--rehabilitation
reconfiguration and calls for social restructuring .The point is clear : in the community
separatists hold sway . This league can also be regarded as class power triangle [ CAPOT ]
and the utopian hardly exist .In a social restructuring the community would then be
governed by dual class power triangle [DUCAPOT ] with the utopians toping the class
power bracket once controlled by CAPOT . Had the utopian socialists of the failed 1848
revolution understood this basic framework could have been more glorious today than
MARXISM .The truth is clear ; Revolution is costly the case of Power abuse citing the
great soviets not being needed and this restructuring is impractical unless with appropriate
restructuring first of the financial system to practice neomarxism as practical fertile and
arable fields which is the evidence of the possibility to go with it it would then trickle
down to the socioeconomic system at large. The political power shall be placed at the
nadir and the remnant powers controlled the joint middle cause while DUCAPOT topped
the community for a new global order . TO Now implement this simple but hardest
strategy ;the following must be observed as the final solution for mankind :
Restructure the financial system as a prelude to socioeconomic restructuring .
Entrench neomarxist manifesto .
Entrench neomarxism and then neomarxist free market respectively ;
And practice dual redistributionist financial system as mandatory .
Some nation might need to adopt a mono –neomarxist financial system as optional and as
required ;

50

Ensure restructuring of the socioeconomic system as the dual system mature in the long
run. Sustain and maintain the framework for a lasting result orientation and growth of
capital development.

The above legal framework OR SEVEN NORMS of social equity will encourage
enthronement of DUCAPOTISM to also control the community for a new global order
that would eradicate mass poverty and begin man’s journey towards the golden age –an
evidence of a new sense of belonging for depressed humanity in the global village

If we apply this 7 ABREC salvation formula Provided with evidence that neomarxist free
market or dual framework is endorsed after restructuring and implemented community
power tussle would soon become a thing of history .The CAPOT rule must end so as to
regain lost harmony and equity in the power market . While class power triangle will be
deterred from strangulating the entire community that supported it and exploited by social
interest in place of competitive self interests to work towards universal welfare as the
ultimate goal of the neomarxist market strategy .
It is in the best interest of the bourgeoisie to conciliatory evolve with the underclass so as
to have a sense of belonging in the society or else might turn barbarian and overrun the
wealth of the superior . That is the essence of neomarxist age laying a foundation to bridge
the divide
In the existing or present [to be ] old capotist order we found out that there is no place for
the utopian class but in the new order they are represented having overthrown the CAPOT
rule so as to top the community even though they conciliatorily evolve with CAPOT as the

51

substructure and they the underclass as the superstructure .And economic power now
topped the apex chart of power community relegating the political power which is meant to
serve only to the third place curbing its aggressive imbecility ;as the social power comes
second which is meant to retain top power as man returns to golden age in which social
interest reigns supreme.

In the final lap in which the new[Ducapotism] world order will be installed or enthroned.
It also states that human civilization which has equally transits from the golden age
civilization into primitive civilization [ caused mainly by power community tussle ]
onward to modern can then grow sustainably into a return to golden .These are three
branded types of human civilization .Due to poor understanding of this most ignored
phenomenon in human history the entire nature of human of civilization ages has never
been sustainably unnecessarily protruding the rise and fall climate cycle .It is also the first
and attempted unifier[ model] in human history

To bridge the inequality of this ever changing global order as we earlier observed the birth
and rebirth of microfinance by nature through its ideology emphasizing egalitarian
globalization for the first time in mortal history provided a sure antidote for the emerging
markets that launched apathy against fast fading western economic textbooks to build
laying a sample to be followed by the rest of developing history .The financial system and
the macroeconomic models it bestowed or bequeathed to the hapless territories hardly
spread wealth immobilizing their financial wealth through indiscriminate imperial
liberalization of the balance of payment to the enrichment of western metropolis . That is

52

why it is expedient to endorse the [ 7] seven ABREC formula for redistributionist world
economy .

POTAGE GOLDEN ----WORLD MACHINE

THE PHILOSOPHY OF THE GOLDEN AGE AND THE GOLDEN TRANSITION [
POTAGE GOLDEN ]

The welfare of mankind is much more important than the general welfare of those top
power market holders and the mighty nations .Otherwise if the poor still amounts to
nothingness they might soon follow the same relegation to the dustbin of history as
global development precedence and universal welfare of humanity transcends the realm
of racial sectarian interests .The world economy will grow exponentially and spread
wealth across the board if we do not abhor the peculiar ideals and idealism of
POTAGE GOLDEN opening up its mysterious and controversial chains through
neomarxism.The intellectual liberty of the west is getting stressed and overheated as
the quality of human brain outputs reaches saturation levels as civilization reaches the
peak. Since economic power is determined by brain power feeding into technology
power it is likely and very sure that brain power will shift to Asia especially India and
China the bibliocractic symptoms are clear for all to see in terms of software and other
technologies in which the former already controlled over 34 percent of American
scientists –an incredible number indeed .

53

It indicates that alien or foreigners increasingly controlled a heavy proportion of
intellectual property assets which Bill GATES believed was the engine of American
economy presently is a boon to that territory as brain capacity of its people reaches
saturation level but a far greater disincentive calamity and destabilizing effect will it be
in the long run possibly engineering the collapse of that great civilization. Although
today may not know it now basking in the euphoria of newfound rave of globalization
working in their favor and it may be too noisy to urge such a supercilious region being
infected by bibliomaniasis to review its immigration policy as some of its scholars
have argued or at worst practice the German doctrine of Aryan myths expounded by
Adolph Hitler .That could also sound irrational and this indicates that its hands are tied
by this nemesis .
NO existing theory support this--that the rise and fall of brain power is equivalent to the
rise and fall of great powers and great civilizations .Emerging markets are very good at
mimicking now they have moved on .It cannot be disputed that they usually spy to send
precious information assets back home at best may even be spying for the development
of Indian economy which is evident in the explosive growth of Bangalore .The Chinese
including 150, 000 foreign student populations and thousands deployed by Chinese
government were specialties in this area spying on whatever scientific American does
.Her mimicry technology is certainly working and the best in the world gradually
liberating its people from the pawn of intellectual terrorism of the west albeit so poor
and is haunted in like manner by macroeconomiasis .

The observation of the great charters of liberty is usually driven by NECEESITY and
LIABILITY and Capital development will then circulate to developing history
Opening the region to development beginning with the incursion of Bibliocracy—[
through its constitution of development –GCL]using brain power to spread information
power or technology like the ancients until now . The west may not like it an inch but it
is certainly clear that civilization will continue to shift as brain power and the quality of

54

intellectual power declines in form and standard from one region into another territory
in the new and ever changing order. Besides few exceptional cases ,.this is a
fundamental fact in history for all time and can never be disputed. The rise of
intellectual export and brain power and immigrant export which helps contribute to
regional brain drain of the developing history is unsafe and insecure to advanced
markets and not affordable and calamitous in the long run. It is so much costly to their
economy which they ignore brazenly with the delusion of unprecedented prosperity
like never before in the history of man. It is therefore necessary for the torch to be
passed harmoniously without overheating the environment of power triangle .Stopping
the abuse of political power guiding against the rise and fall syndrome of human
history …………………………………………………………contd below

With robust econometric model opening up the philosophy of development golden age
[Marsolism] in the redistributionist societies it preaches equalitarian conception of
social materialism and reordering moral precedence of political economic history from
neoliberalism into the new enclave of neomarxist free market economy .That
economic rights should pervade every communities of the world and ensuring harmony
in the power triangle is a kingly authoritative priority. It is the first philosophical
template under marsolism which has been determining the fate of cultural and historical
materialism from the preliterate history into recorded times and would perennially
determine the fate of man and earthly existence, survival and universal welfare of
humanity from the present into the future and the infinity .Under marsolism –the world

55

economy will swing from the neomarxist era into Post Marxism and finally into
development golden age—Neomarsolism [popularly and roughly known as
communism ] or Postmarsolism –the final doom of man should the last saver of resort
be abhorred AND THE GREAT NEMESIS OF THE WORLD ---THE GREAT
ARMAGEDON catch up on humanity who failed to consider the less privileged in their
societies in addition to magnanimous burden of overpopulation and the world existence
and universal safety at large.These macro--philosophies form the holy trinity arms of
POTAGE GOLDEN with subordinate philosophies under them . .Beginning with or
under MARSOLISM –Neomarxism as the first political economic ideology opens up
the mysterious chains of a seem-like controversial pursuit especially to the skeptics—
the --never--think --well .

HOW shall we escape if we neglect such a great eternal salvation that this new dawn
is proffering to the resolution of man’s greatest puzzle .

With the benefit of history it should be noted that this general body template is the

Formatted:Indent:Left:0.25",
Linespacing:1.5lines
broadest philosophy ever propounded by man living or dead with outlook into
thousands of years ahead or even millions as long as the earth exist or remains until the
return of this great temple into the golden age . It is also the first time in modern times
to unify the ideological rivalry of defunct cold war territories [not in a mixed economic
model] and a host of relevant models since the dawn of modern age harmonized with
unique propositions and the transcendent modeler’s new mode of thoughts [Macro
eclecticism ] into a distinct and distinguished philosophy of the golden age-MARSOLISM
[never before in human history] or POTAGE-GOLDEN and can also be
regarded AS the broadest framework of universal global development model
removing discontents of globalization as prominently noted by Professor Stiglitizs
among similar studies .It is a combination of philosophic thoughts and macroeconomic
models in a single body template opening its floodgate through neomarxism for a new
world order in the great golden transition towards the golden age and the nirvana . Its

56

first objective is to eradicate global mass poverty and then stabilize the egalitarian
order of global economy
Although we have entered the neomarxist era but the neomarxist free market economy
in which nobody will be a poor man has not yet begun .In the golden transition before
this happens it is admitted that competitive rivalry between neoliberalism and
neomarxism shall take preeminence flexing muscle once the latter is adopted and global
structure created for it .Where it is largely impugned like Marxism and whether
separatist leaguers like it or not it will definitely be forced into reckoning by nature ..
Presently the world has no free market economy even though it claimed to be and the
most authentic ever contrived in human history is the base metal of pottage golden .In
this free market harmony is to be ensured in the power market system poverty is to be
alien for the first time in history and every humanity should have access to equal
economic right so as to explore their God-given ability and vast potential even though
innovative ability might differ .Neoliberal free market being the most fraudulent free
market economy ever in human economic history will surely pass away unmourned .It
is a matter of time and its undertaker is the inequality –a major undoing of the feudal
lords .Perhaps shortly after the exit of this competitive rivalry neomarxism will begin in
full blown .Even if abhorred as long as microfinance escalate like wild fire it will
eventually be forced on the conscience of global economy and the glory of
neoliberalism if it survives will still be neomarxism being the first antipoverty political
economic and egalitarian market ideology in history . It is the most unavoidable fact in
mortal history and could be avoided unless microfinance is declared irrelevant in the
economy of man .That is practically impossible .It is a great salvation and how shall we
escape…………………contd below

57

POTAGE GOLDEN AND THE RETURN OF THE GOLDEN TEMPLE

The world was a golden temple had lived in the golden age before the fall of her great
history and today is a golden desert .There are no sure development ideology charting a
return to the lost glory besides POTAGE GOLDEN .The world civilization has matured
to chart a new era and advance roadmap towards the return .This is the greatest
ambition in the history of homosapien .This may be a little bit crazy. IT Is vital and
most importantly to avoid the rise and fall climate cycle of history due to fragility and
error prone brain power and the undue exploitation of power triangle disharmony by the
GDAs.The question is ;How did it decline as a golden temple ?
According to legends common to world religious settings that humankind began in a
golden age governed by a supernatural being in which man lived happily guitless and
was freed from defilement no sickness and no death .In the Avesta a sacred book of the
ancient Persian Zoroastrian religion talks about the good shepherd ‘the fair Yima’been
the first mortal that ‘Ahura mazda’ –the creator first conversed with who was instructed
to manage the golden temple . He was later mandated to build the underground abode
‘Vara’ full of perfect men .They suffered no sickness no evil spirit no defilement no
poverty and above all no death dwelling among the golden pillars and the odoro -ferrous
trees – a tall and beautiful race where no form of imperfection was found .
Although the biblical details has the most authentic analysis of this perfect paradise
other chapters of world religions hold similar reinterpreted opinions . For instance in the
ancient Greeks the first--five ages of man which constitutes the golden age was noted

58

in Works and Days, Hesiod ‘s poems –a period of universal bliss perfect freedom and
complete happiness . According to Hesiod ‘The immortal gods ………….
This shows that the sixth age is the present age of imperfection and death-[being the
last to be conquered-biblical references/ unmasked sciences of evolution ] which
perhaps has lasted for several thousands of years .With the rise of potage golden world
machine a new dawn might begin and possibly man could make a paradise on the earth
even before the full return to the golden age marking the seventh age of man.
Thereafter the road to eternity begins and man need not passes again into the greater
beyond ;for this will start right here on the earth .Some biblical sources put these ages
to be 7 days based on eternal standard [refer. apostle Peter ] .Prior to this world
machine we do not have a philosophy for man ‘s golden return in this golden desert
.On the other hand as earlier narrated ,the fall of great history and the legendary golden
age was lost as a result of poor use of arts inordinate greed for power [political].
According to Greek legends when Epimetheus endorsed and accepted the beautiful wife
‘Pandora ‘a gift from Olympic god Zeus who opened the lid of her great vase from
which Pandora box of troubles miseries and illnesses began and humanity [ though of a
different species of creation] never recovered until this day.
It was clear from the beginning that The Great Armageddon was guided against and a
clear evidence that the golden age was lost based on this fact of life and also through
abuse of political power –a disharmony in the power market leads to moral decadence
–crime dishonesty unfaithfulness and from which all other moral shortcomings and
disobedient emanated from. If it could happen with the perfect brains and the golden
generation how much worse for a mortal broken bones-in the golden desert or the
wilderness generation with no eternal home to cover itself except the grave .Efficient
use of power mainly economic power by man is the very first step to build a paradise
and to return to golden age on earth

59

THE EVOLUTION OF POWER TRIANGLE, COMMUNITY
TUSSLE AND THE CRASH OF GOLDEN AGE
The crash of the golden age based on the Hesiod’s poem was a result of the abuse
of political power and can only be restored through efficient use of economic power
in the transformed power market .Understanding the necessity of economic power
sovereignty would easily pay down the social debt or existing liability confronting
human and social development market .IT is shows vividly that amortization of this
debt or liability by the forces of necessity in the optimization of power triangle
potential is the safest antidote to all human and social predicaments .
In the golden age social power is supreme and thereafter in this age economic power
though became supreme but was overshadowed by political power in the
competitive struggle for wealth relegating social power to the background .
Ownership of production according to Marx and Engel became determinant factor
.On the other hand there are two philosophies that support the human ethics and
mass development market .One promotes natural freedom and the other freedom of
man .Both Taoism and Confucianism by nature are conflicting with contradictory
freedom emphasis. In the ancient China 100 Schools of philosophy were found but
the most prominent as noted which have stood the test of time obviously laid more
emphasis , on the conflicting nature of this triangle and its effect on the nature of
existence .The entire five ages noted by the poet can be regarded as Taoism and the
period of the golden desert is the Confucian age in which man is allowed to explore
its cultural trinity uncontrolled . .
The word ‘TAOISM ’[dowsm] though was related to a religion in modern day China
actually means the state of natural freedom in which man consumes and never
produce relying on the fringes of nature especially what comes out of nature ..For
instance by its religious references it means non aggression for every want and

60

desire of man .It means stillness standing still sitting still doing nothing and relying
on what nature gives .This happened in the legendary tales of biblical garden of
Eden or some primitive tribes like those noted by Darwin and described in his book
The Voyage Of H.M.S. Beagle . The Tierra del fuego ,the tip of Cape Horn has one
of the worst and bitter climate in the world and mantle of seal skin is their direct
protection against weather .They have no commerce , because they do not have
goods to trade with other tribes .They practiced direct production which hardly
practiced anywhere in the world .The Eskimos of northern Canada the Koma people
in Nigeria , the pigmy in Africa and the Fuegians of Tierra del Fuego , are usually
poor .They are concerned only with food and provide shelter from what nature
provides –a cave or snow hut or trees . Virtually every tribe and race has passed this
stage before knowledge advanced …The tribes are likely to be killed by the slightest
or din test piece of hard luck .Darwin found that in hard times the fuegians killed
and ate their old women who are less valuable to their dogs .
The first five ages symbolized eternity of rest after a long previous eternity of labour
had passed and persisted .Unfortunately the abuse of power triangle of the atavistic
period had truncated the golden age leading to the golden desert .Then man entered
into a period of labour again and vigorous labour of all were mobilized to return to
good solid plays denominated in meaningful economic activity .This is known or
called Confucianism which governs the 6th age of nature .

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CHARTING A NEW HORIZON FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT ,SUSTAINABLE CAPACITY BUILDING AND NATION BUILDING

This microfinance article is an excerpt from my upcomi

ng book , AFROCENTRISM WORLD DEVELOPMENT IDEOLOGY AND AGE OF MICROFINANCE

DEVELOPMENT TRANSITION AND ROADMAP

The principal problem associated with development is the issue of capacity .By building adequate capacity development can not only be created but also sustained in the long run .Investing in capacity building is equivalent to nation building in the long run which depends on the enterprise of capacity to sustain polity and then nationhood by creating national wealth that outlived its times as the legacy of posterity .A thorough adoption of this simple formula is a tested roadmap and a reliable transition towards the end of poverty in the society of man .Developing adequate capacity or sustainable capacity building is a foremost criteria to capital development .

As we earlier emphasized in the second chapter development is about people and development means people . Jeffrey Sachs in his famous book The End Of Poverty ……..how to make it happen in our time observed that poor countries lack six major kinds of capital :

1.Human capital :this includes health skills and competence needed to make each citizen or influence economically productive .person ;

2. Business capital : facilities machinery and transport infrastructure needed in agriculture services and industry ;

3. Infrastructure : Roads , rail water power , telecom . , airports and seaports which are elementary outputs of basic development to promote mass development and business productivity ;

4 . knowledge capital :scientific and technological knowledge which can grow mass productivity is highly underdeveloped .This should be nurtured for the promotion of production physical and natural capital ;

5. Public institutional capital : Bureaucratic bottleneck and distortion is a major bane . Commercial law , judicial systems , public sector services and effective control that could ensure peaceful and progressive division of labour must be put in place to promote mass development ;

6 . Natural capital : arable land fertile ecosystems , rich soils and biodiversity. This provides ecological services needed by humanity for earthly sustainable living .

As we noted investment in people can take care of this responsibility and effectively manages these enormous assets for national development .That is the only challenge facing the under developing nations .The burden that this region has come to face is how to create wealth .In the World Bank report [‘where is the wealth of nations ? measuring capital for the 21^st century ’] , it showed that intangible capital is near to zero in the major oil countries like Nigeria ,Algeria and Venezuela and often negative . The classic ‘resource curse ’as noted by Auty and Gylfason [2001] was also documented .

When Richard M. Auty first used the term resource curse in 1993 he used it to describe the recklessness of oil rich territories and their failure to use their resources to benefit their economies and boost wealth generation and counter-intuitively had lower growth rate than countries without abundance of natural assets or natural resources .Studies by Jeffrey Sachs Mark Warner among numerous literature have shown link between natural resource abundance and poor economic growth .

Empirical evidences abound . In the Opec territory between 1965—98 per capital in this region decreased on average by 1.3 % whereas in the developing world grew by 2.2 percent on the average [Akinjide:2006] .

The World bank further find out that What is the most important component of wealth creation across nations ? It also interrogates whether natural wealth increased or decreased as countries develop . O f course it does decrease as long as flaccidity matures or develops .Then it noted the top 10 wealthiest states such as Switzerland , Denmark –the food basket of Europe , Sweden , oil rich Norway , Luxembourg –Belgium , Austria ,France , United States and Germany .Except for Norway none of this depended on natural capital or resource for national development since they utilized effectively the Sach’s golden formula [SGF/SAGOF] which has taken them half a millennium to nurture . Even for Norway where natural resources including oil and gas from the North Sea constitute negligible 12 % of total wealth , her mainstay is SAGOF .

Whereas the bottom countries such as Chad Madagascar , Guinea –Bissau , Nepal, Niger , Congo , Burundi , ,Mozambique Ethiopia and Nigeria which scored second to the last with Congo the percentage was noted to be horrible . For instance in a monocultural nation like Nigeria crude oil accounts for over 70% of its earnings and 95 % of export receipts in a country in which 98 percent are poor

Likewise in his book The Origin Of Wealth Eric Beinhocker also admitted what is generally accepted by all economists that wealth is the product of human efforts and labour using the sweat from our brows and the knowledge in our brains for cultivation and accumulation .In other words it is not investment in natural resources land geography and building that is vital for national development per say but in people .This investment in strategy and technology that boost growth which can only be successful for the umpteempth time by starting from the grassroot empowering our people and opening up our communities for mass development . And that of all markets in the country human resource or labour market is the most maligned and abused market .

DEVELOPMENT AND NOT DEMOCRACY

We have repeated this several times that it is somehow baffling that virtually everything that comes out from developed world are consumed and imbibed hook line and sinker without remorse and without reflection or shame by the developing world including its form of government we have adopted today which as claimed is symptomatic of development .Whereas democracy as they claimed being the best form of government is easily contended on the ground that it is not a foolproof or an arbiter that represent mass development in the longer term. These are the two poles entirely clashing each other .Normally democracy is meant to promote development if not it should be abrogated for a better alternative . How can we make democracy work ? Does it seem an alternative not workable or exist ? Let us first look briefly at the politics and antecedence of democracy in the developing world .

The Greek writer Aristotle in the 4^th century B.C. , noticed these types of government :-- where power is held by one man is called monarchy ; where power is held by a few is called Aristocracy ;where power is held by the mass of the people ,this is democracy .These forms according to Martha Stewart in The British Approach To Politics are described as mere appearances rather realities and these types in order of sequence could be fronted for by the following : tyranny ,oligarchy and ochlocracy . Infact oligarchy or ochlocracy brazenly fronts for democracy in virtually in every developing society while the capital ‘word’ lives in limbo . Every form of government can be good and can be bad it all depends on the human system which will drive the governance system and chains . When the power belongs to the mass of the people they called it democracy but oligarchy in the same polity has conned the good aims of democracy if any and hence retards development that democracy is supposed to promote. Hence democracy in the 3^rd world must scraped or revamped for it to be effective . If not a good alternative should be found . .

A media writer once argued the latter position that democracy retards development .I think the truth is the most profound around .Definitely it is . He argued the thesis that the developing region needed development rather than democracy was a brainchild of the post war period waxed strong in the 70s when the cold was at its peak .Samuel Huntington and a group of American political scientists argued volumes that democracy or undesirability of democracy for a country that have not reached a particular level of economic development .On the other hand they also argued what developing countries needed was good governance backing it up with appropriate data and historical instances . Writing in democracy and development Sola Fasure at defunct Comet [now The Nation ] commented ‘ when the cold war ended the argument changed ’and the consensus was that democracy is good for every body .. But he bungled a good argument that ‘the lies and propaganda of the past will simply not go away ’ .Were they truly lies or propaganda because democracy did fail to promote absolute development .

We assess democracy by global appeal spread and impact . The growth of democratic institutions that started in mid-70s spreading wildly over the next two decades into Latin America former Soviet region and the SSA region in its third wave as coined by Huntington suddenly grounded to a halt .According to freedom house a democracy watchdog there were 118 electoral democracies in 1996 around the world .Almost a decade later they were 117 in relative proportions rated free partly free or not free were static since the 90s

Usually in the 3^rd world the impact vs. development is close to zero because structure to make democracy effective if at all indeed vital to development is grossly missing .The democratic interest had persisted but development in this region had stalled and the grand hopes have not been realized .Several years ago the former soviet had gone from frontier land of democracy to waste land within a decade The south American experiencing crisis of democracy from weak state institutions to corrupted political elites .Some reports argued 15 -20 years after the gains of political freedom personal security economic well fare were not better than in the previous period .

Africa is still the basket case of democracy unworkability in which authoritarian democracies have failed . This is working perfectly in the former soviet block-mainly Russia and especially East Asia and including China North Korea , Vietnam , Laos and Singapore . These are some of the world fastest growing economies . Majority of African countries have slumped further into poverty and gross underdevelopment in which every form of government has failed . The human system or institution is the major problem.

There is no doubt that western Democracy foisted on the developing region has grossly under-performed and heavily retarded development as they failed to invest in their people ballooning mass poverty .We need not be deceived . This is simple .In 1992 before an audience in Philippines .Singapore ’ s Lee kuan Yew remarked ‘I do not believe that western democracy leads to development . I believe that what a country needs to develop is discipline more than democracy ’ .And good governance is a function of the relative stability of political discipline that is mature enough to curb the excesses of democracy that disrupts the flow of development to the people .He observed ‘the exuberance of democracy leads to indiscipline and disorderly conduct which are inimical to development ’.

It is no longer news that this belief transformed Singapore preaching new ideology and consolidating this fact that each nation must determine the nature of development model and pattern that suits its economic climate and demographic institutions .The belief in the superiority of governance in the case of India –the world largest democracy and the Asian tigers .The three authoritarian democratic states between 1960---1987 , grew at astonishing rate of 6.4 % per capital whereas the liberal democracy in spite of its highly educated and committed leadership still recorded a paltry 1.9 percent per capital and western style democracy has dampened the possibility of radical changes in favor of the poor .

Radical changes made in favour of the poor and efforts at land reforms were stressful and frustrated by powerful landed elites in brazil and Venezuela prior to the election of left wing government in this region to effect reform in the new century. Development is a turbulent process which involves distribution of resources mobilizing every available resource to dominate forces of nature and ensure that every stakeholder in the society is affected .It should be noted that institutions that have supported and sustained western democracies were evolved over the last 400 years .The British parliamentary institutions the oldest was developed over the course of a millennium .

Political scientists and media scholars have contended this could be strenuous for late comers to development which need to adopt home grown institutions to quicken their pace of rapid development or else may not catch up with the rest of the world .

THE DECADENCE OF DEMOCRATIC INSTITUTIONS

The decadence of democratic institutions permeates every part of the developing countries .We shall use the basket case of Nigeria as the case study at this point .The deputy editor at Business Day Charles Ike-Okoh and the fellow Journalist Badejo Ademuyiwa in the research report entitled ‘ National Assembly : World ’ s Biggest Democracy Cost Centre [ 2] ’[10 Tuesday 10 February 2009 ] .In the intro , they affirmed ‘ Since June 2007 the house of representatives has not passed 10 bills because most of their time is spent sharing money .’ According to a former legislator ‘‘It is hard to determine what the lawmakers take home monthly .Nobody knows it except an insider . It has been done in a way that nobody can discover it. Only the banks can tell the exact amount a federal legislator collects monthly ’’.He called for removal of secrecy through the order of the CBN and the backing of government . This he believed would not be possible and can even be politicized by CBN .

The report shows that the national Assembly member ’s monthly salaries in the early part of Yaradua vs. Good luck regime earned 4.5million exactly the size of a local government allocation from federation accounts in 1999 while the speaker collects 33 million naira . From January 2008 onward each collects 10.7 million naira and Speaker collects between 75 million to 100million naira . The senator earned 44million naira monthly and 528million naira annually and 128 million naira annually for the reps .. What only needs to know much president and ministers are earning to understand the gravity .Even then let us make comparison to 1983 .President musa Shagari was earning 25 thousand naira per annum and Lagos state governor like other 18 governors were earning 20,000 naira compared to today . Every budget year they bring up several projects and then huge money allocated to recurrent expenditure is eventually shared among themselves after passage of fraudulent bills plus huge constituency funds, Which do not also reach the grass root .

To worsen the case nobody audits their accounts because the auditor general of the federation which ordinarily audits the National Assembly and public account committees with supervisory powers in both houses are easily being bought over .National Accounting Standard Board [NASB]is also being compromised and sanctioning for erring auditors and professional accountants are common .Selfless service is very hard to come by and corruption to borrow Stewart ’s ‘has turned a bad habit into a mortal disease’ .Every institution is consumed by this intrigue and moral decadence .Consequently less than a quarter of 1% of national population controls more than two-thirds or 80-90 % of national budget and more than 1 percent controls 80 percent nation’s wealth in a country in which more than 3 million join labour market every year .And one can imagine the kind of impact that a house that is often divided itself will have and where fight , exchanging of blows and rancor had persisted among members like primary school pupils will have .

These people are just sharing money living no legacy for posterity and the dignity of their children .At a town hall meeting organized by Nigerian Reunion Cooperation in Las Vegas the speaker of the house of Representatives Dimeji Bankole alleged that about of 65percent of federal government allocated funds unaccounted .He noted that the inquiry by house of representatives discovered 30 percent of federal budget allocated to construction of roads across the country was channeled to projects already paid for and executed .Within a band of five years[2004-09] a local newspapers Business Hallmark found out that about 31 .4trillion naira was shared in the country .A whooping $217 billion in a country that is confronted with limitless challenges and growing deindustrialization .Government indeed is too costly and mismanagement and corruption is a central bane . Take a look at the grim statistics :

-----In a review of 2008 human development report by United Nation development programme a very depressing nature of Nigeria was painted . The country has a long way to go as noted in the fact and figures [ human development index ] presented in the authoritative report entitled :fighting climate change : human solidarity in a divided world ’.Even among nations grouped under low human development so many nations fared better than Nigeria mainly Eritrea and Senegal .In a group of 177 nations we stood at 158 .Many more grim data abound from other sources :

---- under five mortality rate is close to 200percent per 1,000 live births and maternal mortality rate is 800 per 100,000 live births .Whereas Ghana is one of the leaders in this category on the continent along with South Africa and Kenya .Her under five mortality is between 110 –120 per a thousand live deaths while other sources put Nigeria figure to be as much as 200 deaths .

----Only 30 percent of Nigerian population have access to electricity and less than 20 percent of rural areas have some form of electricity .Per capital consumption is about 100 kwh

-----Only 25percent have access to decent housing living in befitting places not slum motor parks or on the streets and housing deficit of 16 million is expected to cost 42 trillion naira

.----40 percent of Nigerians are illiterate and more than 50 percent are unemployed .

-------70 percent of the industries have collapsed and virtually every sector of the economy has collapsed due to decline in poor capacity building .This speaks volume indeed :

[ 1.] manufacturing sector contribution to the GDP IS ROUGHLY FOUR OR FIVE PERCENT and has the capacity to employ a large number of people like heavily neglected agriculture but its return is low .

[ 2.] The hydrocarbon industry constitutes 95% of foreign exchange earnings 85 percent of federal revenues and 65 percent of budgetary revenues and contributes 40 percent to the GDP but hardly employ half a million workforce .And every year 60 percent of annual earnings from oil are siphoned back to western countries ,the capital flight is 95 percent of every dollar spent in the industry economy creating jobs for foreigners at the expense of her people .

[ 3.] About 1.5million tons of oil has been spilled since commercial production of oil started in the country on the average of more than 300 spills annually .The condition of life in the world leading wetland a 70,000sq.km region with the world largest number of rivers and waterways is the same in its more than 1,000 communities where spillages have pillaged farmland watercourses shortening life expectancy making condition of life unbearable for its people .

In its 2009 report Petroleum pollution and poverty amnesty international observed that independent environmental and oil experts estimated between nine and thirteen million barrels had leaked since the nation’s independence .It also admitted during this period or over the last half century the Niger delta people have experienced oil spills at par with Exxon Valdez tanker disaster every year .Between 1976 –2001 close to 7,000 or 6,800 spills occurred .[UN.figures ] .60percent of 31million people in this region depended on environments [United Nations Development Program ]. British petroleum was slammed with 10billion dollars lawsuit for leaking toxic chemicals from its Texas city refinery but what would be price of similar scenario for the Niger delta and various occurrences over the last 50 years ? Why the fine or heavy slam ? Simply because they can’t farm .According Iyayi[2008] in the study by European Union found out that the microcredit scheme for farmers they were involved with in the Niger delta had collapsed . Besides being small say 20,000-30,000 naira per farmer didn’t produce any result or seeds failed to germinate because soils have been heavily polluted .

[ 4.] Where oil was discovered at Oloibiri now regarded as fossil town instead of being a national monument now a national embarrassment where close to 70 percent of youths do not have jobs .Since production began more than 600billion dollars has been earned from commercial crude receipt yet 70 percent of the wealth were stashed out in foreign land.

[ 5.] 90percent of oil and gas industry equipments were owned by foreigners and 90 percent of the industry is controlled by foreigners . If 90 percent of the nation’s economy is controlled by foreigners as it is presently is it not shameful for the so called giant of Africa ? Nigeria is the only country in the world in that produces oil and yet has no tanker fleet .Foreign operators dominate everything apart from tax and royalty moneys we have no stake in this business from production to selling and the Cabot age scheme to fill the missing link was later heavily sabotaged crashed like defunct national ship building and acquisition fund and made irrelevant to the needs of local shipping tycoons and industry operators .We should not fail to remember that after over 50 years in the business indigenous oil producers still do not control up 3percent of the industry production outputs .The 24 marginal fields with minuscular potential that could dry up in few years time or within 5 to 7 years of production have a mere capacity of 5.7 million proven reserves ;not very profitable in real terms considering the cost of production were leased to local operators while foreigners controlled the richest offshore fields

[ 6.] The world largest contribution to global greenhouse gases is the Niger delta which is the world largest single industrial complex flaring more gas than the whole of other sources existing in the SSA region put together which has the capacity to supply gas to the whole of Africa not just West AFRICA .

7.] 90 percent of the nation’s consumable goods are imported and capital flight crisis and capacity building problems have never been abated . These are the reason behind high unemployment and growing rate and escalating dimension of deindustrialization .What the nation needs is capital flight bill not local content bill really which encapsulates every problem linked with capital volatility and Braindrain

----Also two thirds of working adult were unemployed or underemployed and not more than one third of Nigerians that should be in school were receiving any education .The national bureau of statistics also complemented this sources that more than 80 percent of Nigerian youths are jobless where only 10 percent of graduates are employed.

----- While Tanzania-the fourth poorest country on earth alongside South Africa and Malawi have attained 90 percent success as far as universal primary education is concerned the definite blueprint to develop an average child stop street hawking and child abuse is still common let alone a concerted to get all children into school .Rwanda tormented by genocidal fraction represents a great motivation for poorly performing nations like ours especially in the promotion of gender inequality and empowerment .The gender parity there is 98percent and a force to be reckoned with in the same league like Malawi Lesotho and Uganda . It is also leading in women political empowerment in which 49 percent of parliamentary seat are occupied by its women [source :Dfd] . These are nations that looked up to Nigeria as big brother Africa .

------ General education level especially the tertiary education is perennially declining and the certificate of average Nigerian graduates does not more than the paper on which it is printed .The period between 1960—1990 was not only the golden age of the university education but was also widely in the international community . According to national universities commission and the national academic staff union of Nigeria that in terms of quality and research out local varsities were the best in the whole of Sub-Saharan Africa [ Karani : 1997 Okebukola :2002 and Ibeneche : 2009 ]. This was confirmed by association of Indian universities when comparison was made between Nigeria and India during the 1981 period .That beside Nigeria no other country experienced such a phenomenal surge of 13-14 percent growth per year .

Today the golden age was lost due to declining capacity caused by poor vision and lack of clear cut strategy at sustaining earlier capacity generated .IT was confirmed that no Nigerian university is listed among the top 1000 in the world .In the 2007 ranking by THES --QS World university rankings only the university of cape town is glaringly rated or found .Even in African ranking apart from South Africa they trailed lesser endowed territories like Ghana and Kenya having only four universities in the top 100 [OAU:44^TH ; UNI.of Ibadan : 66^th ; UNIBEN : 79^th ; and UNI.of LAGOS :90^TH .] .

Educational quality is so retarded that 80 percent of Nigerian graduates are unemployable and more than 50 percent of Nigerian universities are glorified public schools .Cultism and prostitution rackets are prominent in one way or the other .The students in the universities took to examination malpratices simply because fear of adequacy capacity for success .They do not have facilities for research and no money for foreign travel .The certificate are so worthless to say the fact even doctorate degrees are presently suffering the same fate and many hardly can defend their certificates . The university dons are aging .Gone are the days of Soyinka ’ s Osuntokun , Dike etc which requires a new generation to fill but young people are not joining ASSU . What will become the fate of these varsities when these dons are no more ?Now let’s go textile industry

.Virtually almost every textile company in Nigeria had closed shop. MAN put it succinctly that between1995 to 2005 the industry shrank by 64percent and is endangered by illegal smuggling of textile materials through the nation’s porous borders making the nation a dumping ground for textile materials from India China Malaysia and Hong Kong .About 4.6 trillion worth of illegal materials enter the nation ‘s borders in this way .She imports more than 80 percent of her textile needs .Here is an industry which was formerly the largest in Africa and the highest employer of labour in Nigeria after Government which has the capacity to employ more than 300 ,000 workers with multiplier running into millions of jobs indirectly .

Trade policies are resistant to local climate .Nobody is against liberalization but total liberalization without protecting anything unlike India and China is what we are guiding against .Even advanced countries they do not liberalise every thing .The experience in their steel industry at the beginning of this decade in America and Europe leading to integration is a warning to unrepented advocate of free trade . There is no way local producer can compete against foreign manufacturers . The issue here is the quality of cotton and the cost of production that availed against local companies .These people have been developing the cotton and more conscious about its quality .

According to a local expert the Nigerian cotton so far gives one perhaps about 6 meters of fabrics per kilograms .One gets to the middle on knitting when the yarn is spanned one gets 6 meters but in the case of foreign textile producers in most cases that dump their fabrics in Nigeria the cotton they buy or produce in their territory is of high quality and very highly elastic and one gets about 18-20 meters per same kilo. This made Nigerian cotton and textile automatically uncompetitive and which means local farmers are also left behind because they are the primary producers for the industry .

It was found out that government deliberately decided not to fund this industry especially the agricultural sector which could produce quality cotton by refusing to fund research for future development of quality outputs .WHEN PETROLEUM TRUST FUND [PTF] started funding research in this direction prior to 1993 and was giving Nigerian farmers cottonseeds; they were adjudged and assumed to the best the nation ever had .It was yielding result as it produced over two times the local seeds per same hectare .This intention was discarded by successive because it was not interest of world bank and IMF presuming that PTF seeds as opposed to normal local seeds could be their great undoing and make us self sufficient and so productive . With the coming of the civilian they succeeded in scrapping PTF using the government of the day citing mismanagent and corruption .Since then no institution has a good intention for agriculture prior to the 200 billion naira recently set aside by Yaradua vs. Good luck regime .but dumping persisted unabated and the efforts of antidumping committee set up several years ago couldn’t do anything about it .

The solution is improving capacity growing more cotton and getting out quality and high yield per hectare will make cotton easily more available and prices affordable to enable manufacturers produce quality materials enough for the markets .The textile industry we noted is extremely important due its ability to employ greater number of people .Different technologies are disposed in the market that covers 10 different types of textile industries .Unfortunately government perhaps recognizes only one . For instance the production of blankets sing lets and underwear is not the same with carpets .The entire industry is not limited to production of wrapper as many speculated .If the threat to jobs security and the growing rate of unemployment is to be resolved the plight of the textile mills must be given top priority

-----Why do we have these problems ? Beside corruption , mismanagement and growing deindustrialization ,we have noted that the major factor behind perpetual economic decline is poor capacity and the issue of capacity which we noted is the author of development .A society that suffers moral decline is suffering from this malaise. The paralysis is common in every sector to reverse decline a nation must build sustainable capacity .A shortfall in national capacity encourages underdevelopment and corruption . The question is :how many skilled labour do we have in this country ? How many scientists doctors lawyers accountants and vital industry vi-s-vis the demand of the economy and the conducive nature of the environment required professionals welfare ? That is the great challenge Let us observed some sectors of the economy …For instance in the aviation sector ,out of thousands of pilots on its [NCAA] register ,Nigeria according to Harold Demuren can boasts of only 800 active pilots some of whom are aged between 50 –55 years of age and then 60—65 years at this age you can ’t fly again …Imagine 800 active pilots for a country as big as Nigeria ! ……So many inadequacies abound in virtually every sector of the economy .IF this could happen to Nigeria how much worse in many African countries .

Almost every airline had collapsed like shangshangi, Bell view ,slok air ,sosoliso, Eagle air , Albarka etc .Those that are surviving are heavily indebted like Arik air and even Air Nigeria until recently .Infact the environment is not conducive. Gone are the days when Nigerian airways was the best in Africa with passengers as high as 600 000 passengers annually --the biggest in Africa .Now it is dead with all 36 planes forgotten to the relics of history as we repeat the same old story over and over again and the industry cannot compete even in its local market talk less of international market .

In the maritime industry , Nigeria has 100 mariners for 140 million people .That is an international embarrassment. And close to half of these are active mariners and it took 20 years to produce each mariner .Moreover , do we have a national shipping vessel? of course , this is popular and it is known that the death of NNSL was a long story formerly with 26 shipping vessels left behind by the military government in 1978 and now the rest is history having been sold as a scrap and not even a single vessel is left functioning .The fishing trawlers in the country were 260 but now about150 trawlers remain and this business is controlled by foreigners . Piracy has caused a lot of hardship too. Our territorial waters is 90 percent controlled by foreigners and unattractive ports costs the nation 20billion dollars annually. Some sources put the losses at 25.5billion dollars and that Lagos state alone has 33 unregistered jetties that harbour illegal bunkering activities .Another media sources also estimated that about 56billion dollars is being lost annually from bunkering alone. That 70 percent of 200,000 tanker vessels that pass through the territorial waters annually due to unattractive ports do not berth for bunkering in the country and prefer going to neighboring ports .This is a huge amount of money more than the size of nation’s GDP in 2001

In the insurance industry insurable interest being lost annually to foreign land is about 105 billion approximately 11trillion naira due to poor local insurance capacity in addition to poor skilled labour .We lamented also the situation in the domestic construction industry in which foreign contractors had cornered the best and the richest contract in the industry is also appalling …Besides inhibitive factors in the industry inadequate finance , high cost of fund , inadequate and poor quality building materials , availability of lands caused by restrictive nature of Land use act decree ,poor skilled labour and poorly performing institutions ……….contd.

By all ramification policies and institutions that are supposed to promote development are inimical to growth and development .Policy summersault and succession crises are prominent in place of sustainable capacity building ,encouraging development arbitraging and development holocaust in the long run in addition to poor effect of reforms and reforms workability .Since independence no policy and reforms by strategic impact have been sustainable and development holocaust happens or occurs every decade in the country since 1950s .Take a look at the banking industry for instance every decade since 1950 financial institutions especially banks crashes have become a household fatality .

During the period , two thirds of banks operating in the economy crashed—an unusual or inordinate phenomenon which has persisted till the last decade of recapitalization when 13 thirteen banks finally closed shop to wind up reforms , following Savannah bank crash in 2002 .The era of commercial banks and merchant banks had gone riddled by bitter politics in the marketplace and then came the era of universal banking in 2001 which removed dichotomy between the two types of banking and many merchant banks previously been persecuted or marginalized from juicy commercial banks market or probably owing to lack of access to the clearing house were allowed to be converted into commercial banks .

The era of settlement banking also took over prior to the era of consolidation or recapitalization in 2004 which scrapped the era of universal banks .It is unfortunate now that there is a planned policy summersault again returning back to the first of era of commercial banks and merchant banks bitter rivalry probably after the sacking of banks managing directors to the detriment of one of them who was formerly a merchant banker while other 11 executives were left untouched .Universal banking had also been sacked recently . Policies and institutions were made to blackmail , witch hunt and capitalize underdevelopment not just in the banking industry even with the rise of democracy in the entire sectors of the economy , policies were not sustainable and those vague were used to benefit the very few or buttress the pie of vested interest .Moreover there are no blueprints supporting the disbursement of 500billion naira set aside for power and SMEs credit guarantee scheme according to Renaisance professionals .Is Nigeria a nation or a contraption ? There is no direction at all even with make believe improvement in governance since renaissance of democracy .

Democratic structure is costly where recurrent expenditure consumed 80 –90 Per cent of the budget and nothing is left remaining for capital expenditure truly shows that the future of the country is mortgaged and no planning for coming generation .Infact the budget is not more than the paper upon which it is printed and hardly gets implemented by more than 50 percent .Where are we heading to in this country ?..With the assumption of democracy the glooming picture has degenerated from bad to worse .We use Nigeria as a case study at this point .....

The question is : Is democracy promotive of development , decadence or corruption ?Are we at this stage fit for adoption ? The military had not helped either even though the best development and the worst corruption era were perpetrated through them .The nation’s hands are tied . .What can we do ? It is the same story across AFRICA in which 150billon dollars is siphoned annually by corruption and corruptocrats .This is unfortunate according to Revive Africa -a book written by Gbolahan Laniyan in a region that accounts for more than 10 percent of world hydrocarbon reserves :controls 54 percent of world gold reserves , 99 o f chrome reserves ;85 percent of world platinum ’. Infact it contains 40 percent of world total strategic minerals and Congo basin alone controls roughly half of that .Bitumen deposit in Nigeria is the world largest and Nigeria gas commands the best authority and the biggest deposit among world leading gas nations like Russia AND Iran .Natural resource had been a curse as noted rather than a blessing .Whereas development had been remarkable spreading from Asian tigers ,southeast Asia to some Arab territories

It is a bitter truth to swallow that we do not need western style democracy that Lee Kuan Yew believed is an abettor of indiscipline and corruption. But Nigerian had failed woefully to learn from him despite being fond of him .For instance , in one of its articles Eddie Iroh –a prominent media luminary lamented 19 0f the nation’s 36 governors had visited Singapore and read his book and still yet the quagmire never receded .

The solution proffered in this book also take care of new form of government that is responsive to developing territories like Nigeria .Above all it preaches capital development and egalitarian investment in people .and first and foremost its peculiar financial system model must first evolve prior to its adoption using DUCAPOT rule to touch the grass root .Therefore the importance of microenterpreneurs and SMEs cannot be underestimated which is the arrow of development in every of clime .

DEVELOPMENT INITIATIVE AND INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION

Professor Alexander Geshenkron in a comparative study conducted

‘Economic Backwardness In Historical Perspective ; A Book Of Essays [1962] England ‘ . He noted the success of industrial revolution in England rested largely on the success of SMEs which requires little capital to operate in addition to founder’s specialized entrepreneurship . As an economy categorized as moderately developing , Germany also flourished during the period through them and depended heavily on the Banking sector for their success .

Likewise , the quantum leap by Japanese economy during the similar period , presented a more remarkable picture of the power of these wealth machines to support her phenomenal development prior to World war 11 .The secret behind this economic miracle according to Professor Yamamuva was simply cultivated by phenomenal growth in commercial lending to micro enterprises .This was made possible through the great Zaibatsu – an equivalent of modern development banking model . Today the world sole super power the United States followed similar universal pattern of mass development .For instance Banks in Louisiana were noted to have relied heavily on SMEs as engine of growth and so heavily financed them for purposes of economic welfare of the Nation ’s citizens . It is the same logic everywhere .The developing countries also after independence had pursued and implemented similar policies to no avail owing to socio psychological self imposed barriers and the unceremonious truncation that came later through external aggression .We should not fail to remember that China and India are both 2^nd and 5^th largest economies on earth .Their strength rest largely on SMEs in addition to micro enterprises .

AMERICAN POST CIVIL WAR RECONSTRUCTION

The American brutal civil war finally came to an end on April 9,1865 when General Robert E. Lee surrendered to the north country .The Americans came to discover the magnitude of the social and economic damage was far inestimable especially for a nation already in its glorious path to industrial stardom .They were confronted with the big question of how to rebuild the war-torn economy .Their challenge was to build the world most powerful industrial superpower and building the largest economic powerhouse means unseating the British economy into distant obscurity .And so they turned to entrepreneurship as a sport in the reconstruction effort and took this challenge farther than any other nation in the mortal history .

There is no doubt that during the post war reconstruction effort some American entrepreneurs actually stood out with unmatched record and indelible profile in their generation for all time .These four barons can be regarded as the most ferocious players during the period charting away out of economic horrors with the most aggressive entrepreneurial and selfless disposition never seen in the world prior to the period . Andrew Carnegie did not waste time transforming the American steel industry into most competitive mass market worldwide while cutting down the monopolists .In the oil industry, the strategic impact of John D.Rockefeller was extensively felt and a phenomenon until this day with a stroke of master strategy transformed the under developing nature of the then industry into world behemoth today making America to consolidate its leading status .He not only displaced the monopolists but extended his distribution channels across the world mainly in China and Japan .

Particularly of note John Pierpont Morgan holding history by the neck rewrote the pages of American entrepreneurship from the backwoods and backwaters of history into world leading economy .He shoved aside competition to become defacto world central banker and America central banker even before the coming of the Fed. .He was also a foremost venture capital single handedly acting as intermediary par excellence and midwiving crucial capital flows into American SMEs risking even his private capital to save his country from the gold panic of 1893—95 and the successive stock market panic of 1907 .Like his colleagues no deep seated patriotism can be better than this earning an unrivaled place for themselves in the annals of American antecedence .

Starting from the grass root they rose beyond their borders to become the envy of the world giving back to the communities, most of the wealth they had generated donating varsities schools , charities hospitals and libraries ,creating a conducive environment for new generation of SMEs to thrive .

America as a result of these barons was able to dominate the world using the economic power of SMEs to engineer her political power supremacy. .Microsoft ,Dell ,Wal-Mart , Compaq , Hp, Home Depot , Intel ,MacDonald’s , IBM , Gateway , Oracle , Apple and Cisco etc all started as SMEs before transcending borders to become household names all over the world .With one of the highest per capital income in the world it is also the major source of private skilled workforce .

SMES AS THE ENGINE OF THE ECONOMY

In the U.K. . as well as the European union SMEs contribute 99 percent and 98 percent of private workforce .A total of 3.7 million business in the former and controlling 65 % of business turnover in the latter . In most countries of the world according to ILO SMEs accounted for over 60 percent of non formal sector employment .Most of the new jobs created over the last 10 or 20 years in Europe and America for example have come from SMEs .SMEs accounted for over 80 percent of enterprises in virtually all countries of the world .They also contributed 15—20 percent of the GDP in most countries . In the European union it comprised of 98 percent of all enterprises .The 2001 ILO figures that over 150 million youths are employed and over 80 percent living below 1 and 2 dollar a day can easily be taken care as SMEs develop robustness vital to sustainable economic growth .

Coming down home to Nigeria , the federal bureau of statistics shows that 97 percent of businesses employed less than 50 people . It produces 60 percent of employment and output . They control the informal sector which in turn controls 70 percent of the economy . Unfortunately SMEs mortality ratio is said to be 80 percent in the first five years of operation . If indeed it is recognized that it accounts for 80 percent of entire workforce in most countries of the world , why then do the lips service continue in succession for 5o years since independence ..

Now ,we shall examine briefly the challenges facing SMEs and Micro entrepreneurs in Nigeria .

THE FATE OF SMES IN NIGERIA

Nigeria as a nation , quite unfortunate , quite uncharitable and quite lackadaisical and super--irrational has been struggling persistently to revive the fortune of SMEs since independence . Although we did a review of this later but here cursorily also or in a cameo we appraise the failure of industrial development centre established since 1962 among other similar initiatives is still a national stigma till date in a country where policy summersault and succession crisis is a way of life .

The first industrial development centre established during the period by the then eastern government in Owerri was taken over by federal government in 1970 .Subsequently ,other IDCs were founded in Zaria , Uyo , Kano Osogbo, Benin city , Ikorodu , Bauchi , Maiduguri, Port Harcourt , Akure and Ilorin .Just like the DFIs , the politicization that came later deceitfully truncated this good initiative. The merger that came also later in 2001 hardly survived and the bank of industry struggled to take off after years of wobbling and vain restructurings .

The SMEs bankers private sector initiative took off during the merger at the instance of bankers committee to invest 10% of PBT according to the guidelines into SMEs .It also reminded us of similar or earlier ilk’s in the industry . The guidelines regulating the scheme being highly insensitive to the yearnings of industry did not help matter .It defines SMEs as any enterprise with a maximum asset base of 500 million naira excluding land and working capital . We could be talking of total asset value at 1 billion naira . Imagine for a start up company ! Nevertheless the scheme was approved in 1999 .This sounds unbelievable .Is this way SMEs are classified in advanced countries ?

The investible fund is for equity investment annually in both ordinary and zero coupon non cumulative preference shares . It is the industry contribution to federal government attempt at stimulating the economy evolving local technology and employment generation .It also includes 10 percent minimum credit to the micro enterprises . The CBN empowered them to invest up to 200million in a viable enterprises through fund managers excluding trading and financial service business . This direct patronage should not exceed 40 percent of the equity structure of such emerging enterprises and has a duration in the form of venture capital .Whether by investment syndication or ;loan consortium participation in large projects should not exceed the benchmark .

To make matters worse in the following review besides interest rates put at 9 percent the amount investible in a project was increased from 200m to 500 million naira while the asset base rose to 1.5 billion naira from 500million naira . This puzzles industrialist entrepreneurs and needy businesses especially the inability to secure 70 % of funding not to talk of 100 percent financing .And upon dilution of ownership holdings still expect capital appreciation above money market rates annually .Institutional apathy was aggravated even in the post consolidation era .According to Nigeria export promotion council [NEPC] only blue chip companies still enjoyed unbridled access to credit lines with reduced interest rates and not SMEs despite increased liquidity in the system after consolidation .Going by this historical and technical background the scheme is an elitist one and not one for the masses and the interest rates for SMEs are in double digits as opposed to single digits for prime borrowers in the economy .

On a more serious note , how do they classify or define SMEs in the OECD region . The Small Business Administration in the United States defines it as ‘independently owned ’entity and ‘operated for profit but is not dominant in its area of operation ’ . In the same vein companies in Britain are controlled by company act 1948-1981. The 1981 act stipulates and designates certain companies small and medium .The former having a turnover of more than 1million pounds or 1.4 million pounds p.a., asset less than 700,000 pounds with less than 50 people under employ .These companies are independently owned like in America and are mandated not to reveal turnover and profit to the public .In the same way with the Medium companies which have turnover less than 5.75 million pounds ,assets less than 2.8 million pounds and employ less than 250 people . No outside interest is in involved .This liberal lending policy encourages their economy to grow .Today there are approximately 23 million of such businesses in America jointly employing more than 80 percent of national private workforce contributing more than half to the GDP . Infact according to Economist in 2006 , 99 percent of the 26 million businesses it reported employ not less than 500 workers and were agreed loans with no ownership dilution shareholding . This is what makes American economy thick rather than the bulge bracket companies that we do focus upon .SMEs are the secrets to her wealth as a dominant force in the international community.

It is a common knowledge that this policies lack grass root sensitivity . In the capital market the objectives of 2^nd tier capital market could not be achieved and the 3^rd tier exchange that came later followed similar fate .The recent launch of new alternative investment market [AIM/PRIPEX] with insensitive and inadequate structure in a bad system is bound to follow the same vomit .

DEVELOPMENT ARBITRAGING RENAISANCE AND SME CREDIT GUANRANTEE SCHEME

This is also evident in another new initiative to revive the conduct of SMEs in the country . The federal government pumped 500billion to the Bank of INDUSTRY to develop real sector and another 200billion naira to develop agriculture and manufacturing managed by elitist banks .Infact like we earlier admitted the requirement is too stringent majority of SMEs and the lower cadres will still be left behind and not catered for .They do not have direction and the policies are not broad based reinforces the propensity of development arbitraging –that is only very few will be benefited , leaving majority of SMEs behind . The requirement for accessing loans with NERFUND , BOI ,the stock market and the insurance sector or any DFIs are elitist . The latest 200billion SME credit guarantee scheme [SMECGS] to promote credit access to SMEs and manufacturers which would be funded 100% and managed by CBN is to begin Nigeria ’s quest towards industrialization .The fund is 80 percent guaranteed by CBN .Good ! But what about the requirement ? The manufacturing and agricultural value chain and SMEs assets shall not exceed more than 300million naira employing between 11-300 persons . Good !

Certainly , sustainability will be a great future challenge and the domestication of the initiative in the language of the grass root must be considered .The investment prejudice and self centered parochialism of the local banks might stalled the beautiful initiative .Moreso MFBs as the right institutions are being bypassed .This could have been solely managed by them in a separate financial system with ancillary grass root oriented institutions .

THE BANKS APATHY TO SMEs IN NIGERIA

We STILL find it hard to apprehend that for every incentive provided by federal government to banks to lend to SMEs has often met brick wall . They not only demonstrated a discernible degree of reluctance against SMEs but also dubbed them as ‘HIGH RISK ’ . Hence a no go area . The CBN credit guidelines for banks as earlier emphasized to lend a given proportion of their loans and advances to SMEs especially agriculture started in 1979 .It was also 10 percent then and was subsequently raised to 16 % .Similarly in 1982 ,1983, 1984 and 1985 ,loans and advances to SMEs stood at 206.7million naira , 351.30 m, 345.3 million naira and 977.2 naira respectively in a percentage allocation of 2.0 , 3.1 and 7.9%.

Some of the problems faced by banks in advancing loans to SMEs include the high mortality rate in the sector . According to a research reports by industrial research unit of OAU revealed lack of integrity in operation of such loans and Since they are dubbed a high risk enterprise , loans to SMEs are accorded low priorities in the lending scheme . The problem of adequately trained personnel is another bone of contention . Inadequate skilled lab our and the owners are people with little specialized skill or expertise neither do they have capacity or finances to hire expert to manage the business either part time or full time .The consequence is that they are used to producing faulty and insufficient records .About 50 % of SMEs keep profit and loss account and appropriate balance sheet on a regular basis ..The media research shows that these lack of records or inadequacy in record keeping ordinarily influences lack of financial assistance from banks .The inability to survive competition and the resultant low efficiency can be deduced as natural consequence of poor book keeping or inadequate record .keeping leading to mortality .

Although mismanagement is another problem, the above factor can also be regarded as part of mismanagement , since information is the livewire and blood system of an enterprise . Lack of adequate planning , in that case they are mentally represented and poor administration are common management problems . Poor marketing policies with no adequate strategies and inadequate information can be waterloo to business continuity and especially at death of the original owner , perpetuation of business becomes practically impossible due to lack of previous documentation that could be instrumental to business continuity .

Cash and stock are taken away at ease and for aggrandizement .These are not recorded if taken as loans not refunded .No transparency no accountability .Rather than paying themselves salaries from their businesses or return missing goods and cash the exuberance indulgence of the day truncate a potential business that could have changed their communities and touch many lives . It is a usual thing to mix their personal money with their business wealth and then in the long run , the trade experiences liquidity problems . Funny enough , most of these businesses are not registered business and doing business with unregistered businesses is illegal .

Besides the problem of loan misapplication common among SMEs , the problem of loan repayment as a result of accumulation of arrears is another teething lending disincentive . Loans are sometimes not repaid at all even where business is generating sufficient funds to liquidate the amount borrowed or not repaid on a scheduled basis . The misuse and the misappropriation of funds and the failure to repay the principal let the alone the interest reduced the capacity of lenders to go round another classes of people reducing banks confidence for a prospective loans.

Most SMEs are highly undercapitalized and suffered from inadequacy of capital and unable to raise money from capital market as a result of their inability to meet the stringent requirement of the exchange .

The loan recovery disability and inherent threats above all is the leading factor in the business hardship . Banks could hardly monitor loans let alone recover fund after lending .They are interested only in their money and hardly interested in personal advice to clients relegating SMEs welfare to the backburner .A banker is only interested in loan legal action when matters have degenerated . Without cooperation with the SMEs , the safety of the loans may be in doubt. Credit risk management expertise is grossly lacking in Nigerian banks and a major bane in this dilemma .There is no doubt lack of innovation was noted as the central predicament in the Nigerian banking system and policy makers must apprehend this fact that the pace at which SMEs grow determines the pace at which the economy grow .

Unfortunately the outlook for the sector is bleak across the board .As the country prepares to join the top 20 biggest economies by 2020 and planning to grow by 13—15 percent SMEs sector is omitted and not factored in the project .Serious attention to it is recommended if we are to attain the perennially elusive development goals of SMEs project since 60s .MASAP projects resolved this hurdle as it does for micro enterprises .

MICROENTERPRENEURS , MICROENTERPRISES AND THE ECONOMY

Micro enterprises in most economies constitute the major plank of the informal productive sector and vital empowerment sources of a nation . When neglected most economies fail to grow . They operate in the urban areas and the rural communities at a very small scale [Drake and Otterro :1992] . Majority of the new workforce in the urban centers were consumed by micro enterprises . It is seen as the last line of defense in the economy the first and the last hedges of employment sources and ultimate bridge between the formal sector and the economy .

While micro enterprises accounted for half the labour force in Lagos alone ,it represented 30 % in Kenya in the 70s and the 80s ( Sethuraman :1981),it is as high as 50% in some African countries . It is generally proven that every morning 600 million people go to work for themselves . and often consist of a larger workforce in the developing countries [UNDP:1997; 2] . Most job losses in the informal sector were provided by this self propelling forces for sustainable economic growth .It was provided to have provided close to 14million jobs between 1992—2000 [Halverson Quevedo : 1992; 9 ] .As noted by Lubell and Zarour [1990:395] in the study of Senegalese formal sector that due to government harsh measures rose to become the saving grace indeed of the country ’s formal sector job losses .

Writing in the book Microfinance and Economic Activity , Emeka Osuji concluded ‘many economies are not growing at all .At best ,they are static if not contracting .Various policy experiments in countries like Nigeria are taking toll on formal sector employment’ .What would have been the fate of this people loosing their jobs on a daily basis ?To grow their activity is to grow the economic prosperity in the long run creating friendly marketing incentives to appropriately price development into sustainability . This corroborated Napoleon Bonaparte ’ s that the true worth of the state consists in the number of its inhabitants in their toils and lab our .and industry.’

In Nigeria today , there are approximately 90 million micro entrepreneurs and being greatly marginalized by mainstream banks or financial institutions meant a dampener on economic growth . Moreover , according to Okinmadewa [1997] and reappraised by Adeola [2001] in the schematic segmentation of poorer classes in the country classified them into three classes mainly : entrepreneurial poor ,Laboring poor , self employed poor and vulnerable poor . The first class and type include the upper low and the middle income earners who were forced to operate micro an small business due to harsh due to harsh economic climate ; mechanic shops hairdressing salons , displaced workers , artisans , and unemployed graduates .

The self employed poor are dependent on the first class for their survival or livelihood . They include street hawkers vendors , petty traders , shoe blackers or polishers and mechanics .The third class constitutes the largest category and population of the poor in the country including security men ,gardeners ,household workers , conductors and street hawkers . They are manual daily paid workers in the rural and urban areas .The least being the vulnerable poor who actually are those that demand social support programme designated with safety nets . From the invalids to the women and children fall into this class .At this category the female headed household are a potential micro entrepreneurial resources and may demand for creditor loans like other classes for set up and for expansion .

The author affirmed in the piece Microfinance , Micro enterprises and the economy a postscript in National Mirror [Jan.11,2008 ] that apart from entrepreneurial poor, with a bit of attention ,none of the poorer classes are well catered and adequately represented …..especially even with the coming of microfinance banks in Nigeria. He concluded the lending policy being illiberal lacks grass root content .Again, ‘Micro enterprises’ according to Osuji [2006] ‘are often full time activities which provide the primary source of employment and income for the operator and the dependents . These business units have been described as the economic activities of the poor because of the predominance of the poor in running them’ . And due increasing retrenchment in the formal sector the people are now taken their fate in their hands finding relief on the other end of the spectrum most ignored by elitist policy makers and politicians ..This insensitivity had been a major factor behind prevalence of poverty in the country .

Today approximately 15 million Nigerian graduates roamed the streets with no jobs no skills and no means of survival in a country in which 90 % are poor should we use UNDP poverty profile concept . This is no giant of Africa and funny enough according to one man is indeed ‘a cockroach of Africa’ .The mainstream market is elitist do not cater for them and they need to find their bearing with appropriate system .

MSMEs REGULATORY BOTTLENECKS

As we earlier emphasized the development of small medium enterprises scheme popularly known as Small and Medium Industries Equity Investment Scheme [SMIEIS ] is a product launched in partnership with CBN in 2001 for acceleration of development in the sector .Each participating bank is expected to monitor guide and nurture the enterprises and for ease of administration and each institution shall have small scale industries unit with responsibility to appraise and recommend relevant SSI proposal . To also monitor compliance other criteria required are :

1.Rendition of quarterly returns ;

2. Rendition of full particulars of acquisitions any SSI shareholdings in any SMEs .; [Note: the acquisition mentality here and non-liberal lending policies is a major defect in the scheme contrary to free loans with no dilution attachment in developed region .]

3. This must be undertaken within 21 days of the acquisition .

In collaboration with United Nations Development Programme [UNDP] the national policy for the development of MSMEs took off in 2007 .subject to approval by federal executive council [FEC] on may 9 ,2007 . Prior to take off attempts at entrepreneurial development were haphazardly implemented and was meant to be a widely accepted policy document to develop the sector .What had earlier started as a scheme was later formed and transformed into an institution with the coming of SMEDAN to provide direction and fill existing vacuum . The earlier scheme according to media reports by 2006 had created some 500,000 jobs and invested the sum of 18.1 billion naira or 47 .3 percent of the total amount of 40 billion naira that covered in 258 projects which cut across 24 states of the federation including FCT with the real sector and tourism consuming larger chunk of the money .Though this had been worthwhile but nevertheless paled into insignificance the escalating demand for loan that financial standard a local publication estimated at 438billion naira [March 1,2004 ] .More so as the stringent requirement during the period for accessing the loan or cheap finance had stalled the lofty goals behind the scheme which was meant to be temporary pending the maturity of microfinance banks .Only few fund managers distributed a reasonable percentage to the needy sectors investing in trading and merchandising contrary to requirement ..

The coming of SMEDAN with its broad strategic policies touched key programmes’ issues .In the study by Obajaja [2008] this included land use planning ,contract enforcement ,property rights, tax administration and dispute resolution . While second area or sector touches research and development and technology the third covers extension services and support services .Infrastructure , marketing and finance fall in the last section .Micro food processing , arts and crafts in the cottage level ,textile and clothing , metal fabrication ,basic metal, electronic, InfoTech, leather and leather products , construction ,physically challenged people , HIV/AIDS, Furniture and solid minerals etc are classified as quick win situation under special target enterprises [STE] . These are the legal , institutional and regulatory framework covered under the SMEDAN national policy document .

Policy analysts such as Obajaja among others have contended Inadequacies in the legal and regulatory framework that persisted with the emergence of SMEDAN inhibiting the growth of this sector .inadequacy in property rights ,poor bankruptcy laws and leasing contracts , incompetence judicial system such as inadequate enforcement of prevailing laws and commercial contracts .This is regarded as legal instability common all over the world , increasing corruption and lack of commercial law . To redeem collateral may take one year or two .The challenges facing government at this stage include :

1. inadequate capacity building

2. poor coordination between various forms of government

3. World bank MSMEs efforts towards intergration of tax and business registration procedures , reducing corporate registration transaction costs , improvement of leasing regulatory framework and development of alternative dispute resolution mechanisms etc put together is grossly inadequate without a direction and a national financial system to complement mainstream market in redistributionist multiple financial system . The micro financial system should cater for the poor and the highly underserved grass root market and informal sector economy with its unique political , legal social and economical complexes

4. Above all , what started as a scheme later into an institution [SMEDAN] can now metamorphose with allied institutions and regulatory agencies and subsidiaries into a national micro financial system .One for the poor and the other elitist for the rich with different rules since their thinking nature and orientation are vastly different which could also engage in cross border domestic investment for national development .This would also guide against the gross deceit and vast immobilization of the grassroot wealth to the service of the rich without leaving them empty and making them poorer .The poor man’s money must work for him.

As a result of this unrealizable proportion , the inadequacies in the legal , institutional and regulatory framework had persisted for a long time and not supportive of MSMEs and can never be supportive of the sector and sustainable economic growth .. .There is no appropriate legal and regulatory frame work that can be created unless this challenge is surmounted .Laws , regulation , access to finance, growth incentives with basic legal protection and investors confidence can easily be protected .

This is vital for Nigeria and the rest of developing territories when taken into consideration the peculiar characteristics and the kind of development impediment facing these territories in the global markets . Effective use of capital mobilized into SMEs will be based on the nature of unique development system . There is no need to replicate foreign regulatory environment here in NIGERIA or an attempt to agree with international best practice that at best were found to be inimical long term growth in the country . This system will determine the nature of laws and regulation s and institutions that will stimulate SMEs and Micro enterprises needy access to cheap finance .. The entire laws guiding the sector must be reviewed and introducing new ones tailored to the needs of the grassroots through which they were designed .The aims of the system includes;

1.Make every willing economically active Nigerian self sustain ant and a micro capitalist.

2. Abolish prevalence of mass poverty .

3. Make government activity felt in the grass root ;

4.Develop informal sector market economy with distinctive model;

5. Above all, ensure universal prosperity for the people and not capitalist prosperity for the few .

SMEDAN AT A CROSSROAD

Smedan did recognize the importance of MSMEs in an economy especially its clime in which the marginalized MSMEs do not have access to finance even though it contributes 70 percent of working population and 50 percent of GDP .Given the fact that it has a better structure is still inadequate to tackle myriad of challenges in the industry To make the matters worse ,definitely it does not even have a broad strategy to reach out to them ,even though it claimed to do so .According to the Director general Muhammad Naadari the strategy to touch the sector rested largely in its partnership with NERFUND and MFBs .These are institutions that are already near comatose and dead entities among others to execute the plan of going round these classes .Reorganizing Smedan with similar allied bodies and instutions into a coherent system is a panacea to the brewing storm . It will take care of 90million microenterpreneurs left unattended to by the latest SMECGS and even salvaged the sinking ship of formal financial system . A system that caters for all answers all .

UNPRECENDENTED REVOLUTION IN WORLD HISTORY : THE NIGERIAN MIRACLE

With this ideology and adoption of neo Marxist free market economy as the most inclusive free market model [new generation—dual band ] ever contrived by man with its peculiar Para --macroeconomic models is a foolproof for every willing Nigerian to become a capitalist and a salvation crusade especially for the developing region. The GDP can grow conservatively on the average 10 times to more than 20 trillion prior to maturity of Vision 2020 rather than the lethargic projection of 900 billion dollars in a period in which China alone if adopted this model could grow or be far bigger than the present size of world GDP .Our leaders are blind .They hardly see nor can distinguish between black and white .That is their glory –a great ignorance and they cherish it shamefully fighting in the house.

This rough calculation does not include other markets noted in Nigeria nor even a full analysis of microfinance vs. population market but noted briefly the spread in government activities over the informal sector while allowing informal sector to retain its clumsy nature helping to refine and polish it and being guided with relevant rules suitable to development of the grass root and orientation of the poor .It means in a decade or within 20 years the nation can catch up with America .Economists and myopic policy makers may ask : Are you crazy ? But that is the gospel .It means in a decade based on the seriousness of political capital or state will the Nigeria could become a world leader but we are perpetually such an unserious nation .In a decade period , the U. S. GDP can never be more than 30 trillion let alone 40 trillion based on the rate at which it is growing and the available macroeconomic model being used which is outdated or has outlived its model utility curve would not augur well to salvage her sinking ship .We are doomed if we keep endorsing international best practice and neoliberalism that could not prevent the meltdown in America .

More so as it has reached a saturation level or its peak .In the next 50 years whether the model is adopted or not none of the advanced countries will be among the world leading economies even with their weapon of mass destruction .It will be worse for the world should this solution not adopted .

Nigeria has potential to shoot even higher if we include all other identified markets and we carefully embrace local content , indigenization policy of 70s and extremely domesticate local capital and nurture community and sovereign wealth funds around the world .Take a look at Lagos or Delta unarguably the richest states in the country , they should be able control GDP of say 1.5 or 1 trillion dollars . Lagos does not need an introduction anymore as a popular state with a GDP of less than 4 trillion naira or 2.5 trillion .But the natural gas in Delta state alone contains over 40 trillion scf . which is far higher than similar wealth . in the United States put together .At least we can a feel it , how richer it could be if tapped or exploited . Unfortunately by 2006 it was reported Nigeria had lost over 100 billion dollars since commercial production started in Oloibiri in 1960s –more than 12trillion naira at conservative prices .Nigeria is loosing trillion of dollars [not naira-get it right ] due to ongoing capital flight crisis and highly retarded capacity building endeavor since independence .Such model can also make the nation sensitive to this missing link .

This is NIGERIA time to SHINE as late comers to development like elsewhere in the developing countries .Let us forget sentiment and adopt this model .We are building economy without tears or economy made easy for all irrespective of social status , tribes , races and diverse culture and nationalities is a unifier and especially explores the nation ’ s unique demography . It banishes social , political and economic instability , eradicate crisis , eliminate armed robbery and social inequality to resolve every social disease and make the nation safer to live and secure to abode . What else again do we want or are we waiting for ?